Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

al-Hazzānī, Abū Bakr ibn Khuzaymah, Abū Bakr ibn Durayd, and many others besides.

He was a veritable ocean of knowledge.

Ibn Ḥibbān said: “He was a transmitter for al-Aṣmaʿī.”

Abū Saʿīd al-Sīrāfī said: “Al-Riyāshī was a memoriser of language and poetry, and he reported copiously from al-Aṣmaʿī, although he also received learning from others.”

Among those who studied under him were al-Mubarrad and Abū Bakr ibn Durayd.

Abū Bakr ibn Abī al-Azhar—who possessed accounts about al-Riyāshī—narrated to me: “We used to see him come to Abū al-ʿAbbās al-Mubarrad during a visit he made from Basra. Abū al-ʿAbbās Thaʿlab met him as well, and he preferred him and gave him precedence.” (1)

Abū Bakr al-Khaṭīb said: “Al-Riyāshī came to Baghdad and taught there. He was reliable, and he held an elevated station in belles-lettres and in the science of grammar.

He had memorised the works of Abū Zayd and the entire corpus of al-Aṣmaʿī.

He read Sībawayh’s Kitāb with Abū ʿUthmān al-Māzinī, and al-Māzinī used to say, ‘Al-Riyāshī read the Kitāb to me, and he understands it better than I do.’ (2) (3)

Ibn Durayd said: “The Zanj killed him in Basra in 257 AH.”

ʿAlī ibn Abī Umayyah said: “When the Zanj entered Basra and did what they did, killing whomever they killed—that was in Shawwāl of the same year, 257 AH—we were informed that they burst into the mosque upon al-Riyāshī with their swords while he was standing, performing the mid-morning prayer, and they struck him…"

He died in 305 AH. The meticulous scholar Shaykh Mahmud Shakir has listed the main sources for his biography in Tabaqat Fuhul al-Shuara, 1/33. (1) Tarikh Baghdad, 12/139; Tahdhib al-Kamal, p. 660. (2) Al-Fihrist, p. 64: Abu al-Fath Muhammad ibn Jaʿfar al-Nahwi relates that al-Riyashi studied the first half of Sibawayh’s Kitab with al-Mazini. (3) Tarikh Baghdad, 12/139; Tahdhib al-Kamal, p. 660.
الهزَّانِيُّ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ بنُ خُزَيْمَةَ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ بنُ دُرَيْدٍ، وَخَلْقٌ سِوَاهُم. وَكَانَ مِنْ بُحُوْرِ العِلْمِ. قَالَ ابْنُ حِبَّانَ: كَانَ رَاوياً لِلأَصْمَعِيِّ. وَقَالَ أَبُو سَعِيْدٍ السّيرَافيُّ: كَانَ الرِّيَاشِيُّ حَافِظاً لِلُّغَةِ وَالشِّعْرِ، كَثِيْرَ الرِّوَايَةِ عَنِ الأَصْمَعِيِّ. وَأَخَذَ أَيْضاً عَنْ غَيْرِهِ. أَخَذَ عَنْهُ: المُبَرِّدُ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ بنُ دُرَيْدٍ. وَحَدَّثَنِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ بنُ أَبِي الأَزْهَرِ، وَكَانَ عِنْدَهُ أَخْبَارُ الرِّيَاشِيِّ، قَالَ: كُنَّا نرَاهُ يَجِيْءُ إِلَى أَبِي العَبَّاسِ المُبَرِّدِ فِي قَدْمَةٍ قَدمهَا مِنَ البَصْرَةِ، وَقَدْ لَقِيَهُ أَبُو العَبَّاسِ ثعلبٌ، وَكَانَ يُفَضِّلُهُ وَيُقَدِّمُهُ (١) . قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الخَطِيْبُ: قَدِمَ الرِّيَاشِيُّ بَغْدَادَ، وَحَدَّثَ بِهَا، وَكَانَ ثِقَةً، وَكَانَ مِنَ الأَدَبِ وَعلمِ النَّحْوِ بِمحَلٍّ عَالٍ. كَانَ يَحْفَظُ كُتُبَ أَبِي زَيْدٍ، وَكُتُبَ الأَصْمَعِيِّ كُلَّهَا. وَقَرَأَ عَلَى أَبِي عُثْمَانَ المَازِنِيِّ (كِتَابَ) سِيْبَوَيْه (٢) ، فَكَانَ المَازِنِيُّ يَقُوْلُ: قَرَأَ عليَّ الرِّيَاشِيُّ (الكِتَابَ) ، وَهُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ مِنِّي (٣) . قَالَ ابْنُ دُرَيْدٍ: قتلتْهُ الزَّنْجُ بِالبَصْرَةِ سَنَةَ سَبْعٍ وَخَمْسِيْنَ وَمائَتَيْنِ. وَقَالَ عَلِيُّ بنُ أَبِي أُمَيَّةَ: لَمَّا كَانَ مِنْ دُخُوْلِ الزَّنْجِ البَصْرَة مَا كَانَ، وَقَتْلِهِم بِهَا مَنْ قَتَلُوا، وَذَلِكَ فِي شَوَّالٍ، سَنَةَ سَبْعٍ، بَلَغَنَا أَنَّهُم دَخَلُوا عَلَى الرِّيَاشِيِّ المَسْجَدَ بِأَسيَافِهِم، وَالرِّيَاشِيُّ قَائِمٌ يُصَلِّي الضُّحَى، فضربُوهُ
= وتوفي سنة ٣٠٥ هـ. وقد أثبت العلامة المحقق الشيخ محمود شاكر ثبتا بمصادر ترجمته في " طبقات فحول الشعراء " ١ / ٣٣. (١) " تاريخ بغداد " ١٢ / ١٣٩، و" تهذيب الكمال ": ٦٦٠ (٢) جاء في " الفهرست ": ٦٤: قال أبو الفتح محمد بن جعفر النحوي: قرأ الرياشي النصف الأول من كتاب " سيبويه " على المازني. (٣) " تاريخ بغداد " ١٢ / ١٣٩، و" تهذيب الكمال ": ٦٦٠

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