Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

They were a band of frivolous pranksters: they would throw a purse of silver coins into the street and watch it. When someone bent down to pick it up, they would shout at him and put him to shame.
So Abū al-Ashʿath taught them to keep another purse filled with bits of glass. Whenever they took the purse of dirhams and its owner cried out, they would at once put the glass purse in its place (1).

I say: He died in Ṣafar of the year 253 AH.

His narrations are transmitted with an elevated chain in “Juzʾ al-Ḥaffār,” in the “Thaqafiyyāt,” and elsewhere.
He lived a little over ninety years, and he possessed the loftiest isnād of anyone who remained in Basra.

ʿAbd al-Ḥāfiẓ ibn Badrān and Yūsuf ibn Ghāliyah informed us; they said: Mūsā ibn ʿAbd al-Qādir informed us; Saʿīd ibn al-Bannāʾ informed us; ʿAlī ibn Aḥmad informed us; Abū Ṭāhir al-Mukhlis narrated to us; Yaḥyā ibn Muḥammad narrated to us; Aḥmad ibn al-Muqdam narrated to us; Ḥammād ibn Zayd narrated to us, from Abū ʿImrān al-Jawnī, who said:

ʿAbd Allāh ibn Rabāḥ wrote to me: “I heard ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAmr say, ‘I came early to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He heard two men raising their voices while disputing over an āyah. He came out to us, anger showing on his face, and said, “Indeed, those before you were destroyed only because of their disputes concerning the Book.”’ ”

This is an authentic hadith (2), and it indicates the prohibition of disputation and discord.

(1) The report is given in full in Tarikh Baghdad, vol. 5, p. 165. Tahdhib al-Tahdhib, vol. 1, p. 82, adds the following evaluations: Ibn Adi said, “This does not detract from him, for he is counted among the truthful.” Ibn Hajar notes that Muslima b. Qasim, Ibn Abd al-Barr and others declared him reliable, and Ibn Hibban lists him in al-Thiqat (Reliable Narrators). (2) Muslim records the hadith in his Sahih (no. 2666), Book of Knowledge, chapter “The prohibition of following the ambiguous verses of the Quran,” through the chain of Fudayl b. Husayn al-Juhdari from Hammad b. Zayd. It is also related by Abd al-Razzaq, al-Musannaf (20367); Ahmad, Musnad 2:181, 195, 196; and Ibn Majah (no. 85) via Amr b. Shuayb, from his father, from his grandfather: “The Messenger of Allah heard people disputing and said, ‘Those before you were ruined by this: they pitted one part of the Book of Allah against another, whereas the Book of Allah was revealed so that each part confirms the other. Do not refute one part with another. State what you understand of it, and leave what you do not.’” The chain is hasan (sound). In Ahmad (no. 1972) and Ibn Majah the narration specifies that their dispute concerned al-qadar (predestination).
مُجَّانٌ، يُلقُونَ صُرَّةَ الدَّرَاهِمِ، ثُمَّ يَرقُبُونَهَا، فَإِذَا جَاءَ مَنْ يَرْفَعُهَا، صَاحُوا بِهِ، وَخَجَّلُوهُ. فَعَلَّمَهُم أَبُو الأَشْعَثِ أَنْ يَتَّخِذُوا صُرَّةً فِيْهَا زُجَاجٌ، فَإِذَا أَخَذُوا صُرَّةَ الدَّرَاهِمِ، فَصَاحَ صَاحِبُهَا، وَضَعُوا بَدَلَهَا فِي الحَالِ صُرَّةَ الزُّجَاجِ (١) . قُلْتُ: مَاتَ فِي صَفَرٍ، سَنَةَ ثَلاَثٍ وَخَمْسِيْنَ وَمائَتَيْنِ. يَقَعُ حَدِيْثهُ عَالِياً فِي (جُزْءِ الحَفَّارِ) ، وَفِي (الثَّقَفِيَّاتِ) ، وَغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ. وَعَاشَ: بِضْعاً وَتِسْعِيْنَ سَنَةً، وَكَانَ أَسنَدَ مَنْ بَقِيَ بِالبَصْرَةِ. أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الحَافِظِ بنُ بَدْرَانَ، وَيُوْسُفُ بنُ غَاليَةَ، قَالا: أَخْبَرَنَا مُوْسَى بنُ عَبْدِ القَادِرِ، أَخْبَرَنَا سَعِيْدُ بنُ البنَّاءِ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَلِيُّ بنُ أَحْمَدَ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ المُخَلِّصُ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بنُ المِقْدَامِ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عِمْرَانَ الجَوْنِيِّ، قَالَ: كَتَبَ إِلَيَّ عَبْدُ اللهِ بنُ رَبَاحٍ، سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللهِ بنَ عَمْرٍو يَقُوْلُ: هَجَّرْتُ إِلَى رَسُوْلِ اللهِ ﷺ فَسَمِعَ أَصْوَاتَ رَجُلَيْنِ اخْتَلَفَا فِي آيَةٍ، فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْنَا، نَعْرِفُ فِي وَجْهِهِ الغَضَبَ، فَقَالَ: (أَلا إِنَّمَا هَلَكَ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ بِاخْتِلاَفِهِمْ فِي الكِتَابِ) . هَذَا حَدِيْثٌ صَحِيْحٌ (٢) ، وَهُوَ دَالٌّ عَلَى تَحْرِيْمِ الجِدَالِ، وَالاخْتِلاَفِ
(١) الخبر مطولا في " تاريخ بغداد " ٥ / ١٦٥. وجاء في " تهذيب التهذيب " ١ / ٨٢ عقب هذا الخبر: قال ابن عدي: وهذا لا يؤثر فيه، لأنه من أهل الصدق. وقال ابن حجر: وثقه مسلمة بن قاسم، وابن عبد البر، وآخرون. وذكره ابن حبان في " الثقات ". (٢) وأخرجه مسلم في " صحيحه " (٢٦٦٦) في العلم: باب النهي عن اتباع متشابه القرآن من طريق فضيل بن حسين الجحدري، عن حماد بن زيد بهذا الإسناد. وأخرج عبد الرزاق في " المصنف " (٢٠٣٦٧) وأحمد ٢ / ١٨١ و١٩٥ و١٩٦، وابن ماجة (٨٥) من طريق عمرو بن شعيب عن أبيه، عن جده قال: سمع رسول الله ﷺ قوما يتدارؤون، فقا: " إنما هلك من كان قبلكم بهذا، ضربوا كتاب الله بعضه ببعض، وإنما نزل كتاب الله عزوجل يصدق بعضه بعضا، فلا تكذبوا بعضه ببعض، فما علمتم منه، فقولوه، وما جهلتم منه فدعوه، وسنده حسن، وقد وقع عند أحمد ١٩٧٢ في روايته، وابن ماجة: أن تنازعهم كان في القدر.

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