Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

He died while on ribat (garrison duty) at ʿAyn Zarbah (1). His date of death, however, was not recorded with the exactitude it deserved: some said he passed away in 247 AH; others, in 244 AH; still others, in 249 AH; and a fourth opinion places it in 253 AH.

ʿAli ibn Aḥmad al-Hāshimī informed us; Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad al-Qaṭīʿī narrated to us; Abu Bakr ibn al-Zāghūnī informed us; Abu Naṣr al-Zaynabī informed us; Abu Ṭāhir al-Mukhalliṣ narrated to us; Yaḥyā ibn Muḥammad narrated to us; Ibrāhīm ibn Saʿīd al-Jawharī narrated to us; Marwān ibn Muʿāwiyah informed us; Abu Mālik al-Ashjaʿī informed us; Nubayṭ ibn Sharīṭ, from Anas, who said:

“I was present at the sermon of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in Mina. He praised Allah and said, ‘Praise belongs to Allah; I praise Him and seek His help.’ He then asked, ‘Which day is most sacred?’ They replied, ‘This day.’ He asked, ‘Which town is most sacred?’ They answered, ‘This town.’ He asked, ‘Which month is most sacred?’ They replied, ‘This month.’ He then declared, ‘Your blood and your property are inviolable, just as the sanctity of this day of yours, in this town of yours, in this month of yours. Have I conveyed the message?’ They said, ‘O Allah, yes.’ (2)

By this same chain, Ibrāhīm ibn Saʿīd related to us; Abu Usāmah, from Burayd, from Abu Burdah, from Abu Mūsā, from the Prophet ﷺ, who said: ‘Allah may grant the wrong-doer respite, but when He seizes him, He will not let him escape.’ He then recited: “Such is the Seizure of your Lord when He seizes the towns while they are doing wrong; indeed, His seizing is painful, severe.” (3) [Hud 11:102].

(1) Zarba is pronounced with an open z, a silent r, a single b, and ends with an alif maqsura. Yaqut vocalized it this way and notes that it was a frontier town in the district of al-Masisa. (2) All the transmitters in its chain are reliable. (3) The isnad is sahih (sound). Al-Bukhari also recorded it (8/267, Tafsir, Chapter: “Such is the seizing of your Lord when He seizes the towns while they are doing wrong; His seizure is truly painful and severe”), as did Muslim (2583) in Birr wa-Sila, Chapter: The prohibition of injustice, al-Tirmidhi (3109), and Ibn Majah (4018), all through the route of Abu Muawiyah from Burayd with this same chain.
وَتُوُفِّيَ: مُرَابِطاً، بِعَيْنِ زَرْبَةَ (١) . فَمَا حَرَّرُوا وَفَاتَهُ كَمَا يَنْبَغِي. فَقِيْلَ: مَاتَ سَنَةَ سَبْعٍ وَأَرْبَعِيْنَ. وَقِيْلَ: سَنَةَ أَرْبَعٍ وَأَرْبَعِيْنَ. وَقِيْلَ: سَنَة تِسْعٍ وَأَرْبَعِيْنَ. وَقِيْلَ: سَنَةَ ثَلاَثٍ وَخَمْسِيْنَ وَمائَتَيْنِ ﵀. أَخْبَرَنَا عَلِيُّ بنُ أَحْمَدَ الهَاشِمِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بنُ أَحْمَدَ القَطِيْعِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ بنُ الزَّاغُوْنِيِّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو نَصْرٍ الزَّيْنَبِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ المُخَلِّصُ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيْمُ بنُ سَعِيدٍ الجَوْهَرِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا مَرْوَانُ بنُ مُعَاوِيَةَ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مَالِكٍ الأَشْجَعِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا نُبَيْطُ بنُ شَرِيْطٍ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ، قَالَ: شَهِدْتُ خُطْبَةَ رَسُوْلِ اللهِ ﷺ بِمِنَىً، فَحَمِدَ اللهَ، وَقَالَ: (الحَمْدُ للهِ أَحْمَدُهُ وَأَسْتَعِيْنُهُ) . ثُمَّ سأَلَهُم: (أَيَّ يَوْمٍ أَحْرَمُ؟) . قَالُوا: هَذَا اليَوْمَ. وَقَالَ: (وَأَيَّ بَلَدٍ أَحْرَمُ؟) . قَالُوا: هَذَا البَلَدَ. قَالَ: (فَأَيَّ شَهْرٍ أَحْرَمُ؟) . قَالُوا: هَذَا الشَّهْرَ. قَالَ: (فَإِنَّ دِمَاءكُمْ وَأَمْوَالَكُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ حَرَامٌ، كَحُرْمَةِ يَوْمِكُمْ هَذَا، فِي بَلَدِكُمْ هَذَا، فِي شَهْرِكُمْ هَذَا، أَلاَ هَلْ بَلَّغْتُ؟) . قَالُوا: اللَّهُمَّ نَعَمْ (٢) . وَبِهِ: حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيْمُ بنُ سَعِيْدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، عَنْ بُرَيْدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي بُرْدَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي مُوْسَى: عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ: (إِنَّ اللهَ لَيُمْلِي لِلظَّالِمِ، فَإِذَا أَخَذَهُ لَمْ يُفْلِتْهُ، ثُمَّ تَلاَ: ﴿وَكَذَلِكَ أَخْذُ رَبِّكَ إِذَا أَخَذَ القُرَى وَهِيَ ظَالِمَةٌ، إِنَّ أَخْذَهُ أَلِيمٌ شَدِيدٌ (٣) ﴾ [هُوْدٌ: ١٠٢] .
(١) بفتح الزاي، وسكون الراء، وباء موحدة، وألف مقصورة، كذا ضبطها ياقوت، وقال: هو بلد بالثغر من نواحي المصيصة. (٢) رجاله ثقات. (٣) إسناده صحيح، وأخرجه البخاري ٨ / ٢٦٧ في التفسير: باب قوله (وكذلك أخذ ربك القرى وهي ظالمة إن أخذه أليم شديد) ومسلم (٢٥٨٣) في البر والصلة: باب تحريم الظلم، والترمذي رقم (٣١٠٩) وابن ماجه (٤٠١٨) من طرق عن أبي معاوية، عن بريد بهذا الإسناد.

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