Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

Khaythamah, Muḥammad ibn Ḍurays, ʿAbd Allāh ibn Aḥmad, al-Ḥusayn ibn Isḥāq al-Tustarī, and a great many others.
He was an ascetic and a devoted worshipper. When al-Maʾmūn saw him, he was impressed, brought him close, and admitted him to his inner circle.
Aḥmad ibn Sayyār said, “He arrived in Marw while on campaign.”
When al-Maʾmūn resolved to publicize the Jahmite view and the doctrine that the Quran is created, he assembled Abū al-Ṣalt and Bishr ibn Ghiyāth so that they might debate. Abū al-Ṣalt used to refute the people of vain desires—the Jahmiyyah (Jahmites), the Murjiʾah (Murjiʾites), and the Qadariyyah (Qadarites). He conversed with Bishr more than once in al-Maʾmūn’s presence and prevailed over him.
Ibn Sayyār then said, “I debated him in order to draw him out. I did not find him extreme; I saw that he gave precedence to Abū Bakr and mentioned the Companions only in the best terms. He said, ‘This is my creed and my religion, though there are some reports he transmits that deal with disparagements.’ ”
Ibn Muḥriz said, “I asked Yaḥyā ibn Maʿīn about Abū al-Ṣalt, and he replied, ‘He is not among those who lie.’ ”
ʿAbbās said, “I heard Ibn Maʿīn declare Abū al-Ṣalt reliable. Someone then cited to him the ḥadith, ‘I am the city of knowledge (1),’ whereupon he said, ‘Muḥammad ibn Jaʿfar al-Faydī has narrated it from Abū Muʿāwiyah.’ ”
I say: Hearts are naturally disposed to love those who treat them well, and Abū al-Ṣalt was dutiful to Yaḥyā. We constantly take from Yaḥyā and rely on his verdicts regarding narrators—unless it becomes clear to us that a man whom he alone declared sound is actually weak, or that someone he weakened is in fact strong.

(1) This hadith is weak. See the replies concerning the narrations found in Masabih as-Sunnah that Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani branded as fabricated, 3/314-315; these pages are printed at the end of Mishkat al-Masabih. Consult also the observations of Abd al-Rahman al-Muallimi al-Yamani on this hadith in his notes to al-Shawkani’s al-Fawaid al-Majmu‘a.
خَيْثَمَةَ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بنُ ضُرَيْسٍ، وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بنُ أَحْمَدَ، وَالحُسَيْنُ بنُ إِسْحَاقَ التُّسْتَرِيُّ، وَخَلْقٌ كَثِيْرٌ. وَكَانَ زَاهِداً، مُتَعَبِّداً، أُعْجِبَ بِهِ المَأْمُوْنُ لَمَّا رَآهُ، وَأَدنَاهُ، وَجَعَلَهُ مِنْ خَاصَّتِه. قَالَ أَحْمَدُ بنُ سَيَّارٍ: قَدِمَ مَرْوَ غَازياً. وَلَمَّا أَرَادَ المَأْمُوْنُ أَنْ يُظهِرَ التَّجَهُّمَ وَخَلْقَ القُرْآنِ، جَمَعَ بَيْنَ هَذَا وَبَيْنَ بِشْرِ بنِ غِيَاثٍ لِيُنَاظِرَهُ. قَالَ: وَكَانَ أَبُو الصَّلْتِ يَرُدُّ عَلَى أَهْلِ الأَهوَاءِ مِنَ الجَهْمِيَّة وَالمُرْجِئَةِ وَالقَدَرِيَّةِ، فَكَلَّمَ بِشْراً غَيْرَ مَرَّةٍ بِحَضْرَةِ المَأْمُوْنِ، وَاسْتَظْهَرَ. ثُمَّ قَالَ ابْنُ سَيَّارٍ: نَاظَرْتُهُ لأَستَخْرِجَه، فَلَمْ أَرَهُ يَغْلُو، وَرَأَيْتُهُ يُقَدِّمُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ، وَلاَ يَذكُرُ الصَّحَابَةَ إِلاَّ بِالجَمِيْلِ. وَقَالَ: هَذَا مَذْهَبِي وَدِيْنِي، إِلاَّ أَنَّ ثَمَّ أَحَادِيْثَ يَروِيهَا فِي المَثَالِبِ. قَالَ ابْنُ مُحْرِزٍ: سَأَلْتُ يَحْيَى بنَ مَعِيْنٍ عَنْ أَبِي الصَّلْتِ، فَقَالَ: لَيْسَ مِمَّنْ يَكْذِبُ. وَقَالَ عَبَّاسٌ: سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ مَعِيْنٍ يُوَثِّقُ أَبَا الصَّلْتَ، فَذَكَرَ لَهُ حَدِيْثَ: (أَنَا مَدِيْنَةُ العِلْمِ (١)) ، فَقَالَ: قَدْ حَدَّثَ بِهِ مُحَمَّدُ بنُ جَعْفَرٍ الفَيْدِيُّ، عَنْ أَبِي مُعَاوِيَةَ. قُلْتُ: جُبِلَتِ القُلُوْبُ عَلَى حُبِّ مَنْ أَحْسَنَ إِلَيْهَا، وَكَانَ هَذَا بَارّاً بِيَحْيَى، وَنَحْنُ نَسْمَعُ مِنْ يَحْيَى دَائِماً، وَنَحتَجُّ بِقَولِه فِي الرِّجَالِ، مَا لَمْ يَتَبَرهَنْ لَنَا وَهْنُ رَجُلٍ انفَرَدَ بِتَقْوِيَتِه، أَوْ قُوَّةِ مَنْ وَهَّاهُ.
(١) حديث ضعيف. انظر الاجوبة عن الأحاديث التي وقعت في " مصابيح السنة "، ووصفت بالوضع للحافظ ابن حجر العسقلاني ٣ / ٣١٤، ٣١٥، وهي مطبوعة في آخر " مشكاة المصابيح ". وانظر أيضا ما كتبه عبد الرحمن المعلمي اليماني عن هذا الحديث في تعليقاته على " الفوائد المجموعة " للشوكاني.

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