Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

Yes indeed, there is also a report that only Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad al-Firyābī transmitted. He said:

“Ishāq narrated to us; Shababa narrated to us; from al-Layth; from ʿUqayl; from Ibn Shihāb; from Anas, who said:
‘Whenever the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was on a journey and the sun had passed its zenith, he would perform ẓuhr and ʿaṣr together, then set out again.’”

This wording is objectionable, and the mistake comes from Jaʿfar (1). Muslim recorded the ḥadīth in his Ṣaḥīḥ (2) from ʿAmr al-Nāqid, through Shababa, with the wording:

“If he was travelling and intended to combine the prayers, he would delay ẓuhr until the beginning of ʿaṣr time and then pray the two together.”

Al-Ḥasan ibn Muḥammad al-Zaʿfarānī likewise reported it from Shababa, and the two of them are in agreement on this version in the two Ṣaḥīḥs (3) through the chain of ʿUqayl, from Ibn Shihāb, from Anas, whose wording is:

“If the pace of travel pressed him, he would delay ẓuhr until the first part of ʿaṣr time, then combine the two prayers.”

Given Ishāq’s stature and his outstanding power of memorisation—and since he would narrate only from memory—it is possible that he was mistaken in two reports out of seventy thousand. Even had he erred in thirty, that would never lower his rank nor hinder reliance on him. In fact, the very point that scholars examined his narrations and found no error at all except in two ḥadīths proves that he was the most accurate memoriser of his age.

The majority of both the early and later scholars—Companions, Successors, and leading jurists—permit using it for lighting lamps, and many of them allow its sale or purification. This, however, contradicts his statement: “... so do not go near it.” See Ibn Rajab, Sharh al-‘Ilal, 2/721, 723. (1) In Fath al-Bari, Ibn Hajar refutes those who deemed the hadith defective on the grounds that Ishaq alone narrated it from Shabbaba and that Ja‘far al-Firyabi alone transmitted it from Ishaq; he notes that this is not a valid criticism, for both men are trustworthy master-memorisers. The report on combining prayers by advancing one of them is preserved through several chains: al-Shafi‘i, 1/116–117, and Ahmad, 1/367, on the authority of Ibn ‘Abbas; and Abu Dawud (no. 1208) on the authority of Mu‘adh. See Fath al-Bari, 2/480. (2) Hadith no. 703 (47) in “The Prayer of Travellers,” chapter: The permissibility of combining two prayers while travelling. (3) Al-Bukhari, 2/479, Book of Shortening the Prayer, chapter: Delaying zuhr until ‘asr when setting out before the sun declines; Muslim, no. 704.
نَعَمْ، وَحَدِيْثٌ تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ جَعْفَرُ بنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الفِرْيَابِيُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا: إِسْحَاقُ، حَدَّثَنَا شَبَابَةُ، عَنِ اللَّيْثِ، عَنْ عُقَيْلٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ، قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا كَانَ فِي سَفَرٍ فَزَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ، صَلَّى الظُّهْرَ وَالعَصْرَ، ثُمَّ ارْتَحَلَ. فَهَذَا مُنْكَرٌ، وَالخَطَأُ فِيْهِ مِنْ جَعْفَرٍ (١) ، فَقَدْ رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي (صَحِيْحِهِ (٢)) ، عَنْ عَمْرٍو النَّاقِدِ، عَنْ شَبَابَةَ. وَلَفْظُهُ: (إِذَا كَانَ فِي سَفَرٍ وَأَرَادَ الجَمْعَ، أَخَّرَ الظُّهْرَ، حَتَّى يَدْخُلَ أَوَّلُ وَقْتِ العَصْرِ، ثُمَّ يَجْمَعُ بَيْنَهُمَا) . تَابَعَهُ: الحَسَنُ بنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الزَّعْفَرَانِيُّ، عَنْ شَبَابَةَ، وَقَدِ اتَّفَقَا عَلَيْهِ فِي (الصَّحِيْحَيْنِ (٣)) مِنْ حَدِيْثِ عُقَيْلٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ. وَلَفْظُهُ: (إِذَا عَجلَ بِهِ السَّيْرُ، أَخَّرَ الظُّهْرَ إِلَى أَوَّلِ وَقْتِ العَصْرِ، فَيَجْمَعُ بَيْنَهُمَا) . وَمَعَ حَالِ إِسْحَاقَ وَبَرَاعَتِهِ فِي الحِفْظِ، يُمْكِنُ أَنَّهُ - لِكَوْنِهِ كَانَ لاَ يُحَدِّثُ إِلاَّ مِنْ حِفْظِهِ - جَرَى عَلَيْهِ الوَهْمُ فِي حَدِيْثَيْنِ مِنْ سَبْعِيْنَ أَلفَ حَدِيْثٍ، فَلَو أَخْطَأَ مِنْهَا فِي ثَلاَثِيْنَ حَدِيْثاً، لَمَا حَطَّ ذَلِكَ رُتْبَتَهُ عَنِ الاحْتِجَاجِ بِهِ أَبَداً، بَلْ كَوْنُ إِسْحَاقَ تَتَبَّعَ حَدِيْثَهُ، فَلَمْ يُوْجَدْ خَطَأٌ قَطُّ سِوَى حَدِيْثَيْنِ، يَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّهُ أَحفَظُ أَهْلِ زَمَانِهِ.
= عامة السلف والخلف من الصحابة والتابعين والائمة، فإن جمهورهم يجوزون الاستصباح به، وكثير منهم يجوز بيعه أو تطهيره، وهذا مخالف لقوله: " ... فلا تقربوه ". وانظر " شرح العلل " ٢ / ٧٢١، ٧٢٣ لابن رجب. (١) وقد رد الحافظ في " الفتح " قول من أعل الحديث بتفرد إسحاق بذلك عن شبابة، ثم تفرد جعفر الفريابي به عن إسحاق، بأنه ليس ذلك بقادح، فإنهما إمامان حافظان. وجمع التقديم جاء من غير وجه، فأخرجه الشافعي ١ / ١١٦، ١١٧، وأحمد ١ / ٣٦٧ عن ابن عباس، وأخرجه أبو داود (١٢٠٨) عن معاذ. انظر " الفتح " ٢ / ٤٨٠. (٢) رقم (٧٠٣) (٤٧) في صلاة المسافرين: باب جواز الجمع بين الصلاتين في السفر. (٣) البخاري ٢ / ٤٧٩ في التقصير: باب يؤخر الظهر إلى العصر إذا ارتحل قبل أن تزيغ الشمس، ومسلم (٧٠٤) .

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