Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

His illness grew severe (1) on Thursday. I performed ablution for him, and he said, “Make sure the water passes between the fingers.”

When the night of Friday came his condition became critical, and he breathed his last in the early hours of the day. The people cried out; the wailing rose so high that it seemed as though the whole world were shaking, and the alleys and streets overflowed with mourners.

Al-Khallāl relates: ʿIṣmah ibn ʿIṣām told me, Hanbal narrated to us:

“One of the sons of al-Faḍl ibn al-Rabīʿ gave Abū ʿAbd Allāh—while he was in prison—three hairs, saying, ‘These are from the hair of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him.’

“At the time of his death Abū ʿAbd Allāh instructed that one hair be placed on each of his eyes and one upon his tongue, and so it was done when he passed away.”

ʿAbd Allāh ibn Aḥmad, Muṭayyin, and others said, “He died after twelve nights of Rabīʿ al-Awwal had elapsed, on a Friday.” The same was stated by al-Bukhārī and ʿAbbās al-Dūrī. Ibn Qāniʿ erred when he claimed it was Rabīʿ al-Ākhir.

Al-Khallāl also reports: al-Marwadhī told us, “The bier was brought out after the people had dispersed from the Friday prayer.”

Aḥmad in his Musnad records: Abū ʿĀmir narrated to us; Hishām ibn Saʿd, from Saʿīd ibn Abī Hilāl, from Rabīʿah ibn Sayf, from ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAmr, that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “No Muslim dies on Friday or the night of Friday without Allah shielding him from the trial of the grave.” (2)

(1) In al-Dhahabi’s Tarikh al-Islam the wording is “ʿalayh.” (2) The report is recorded in the Musnad, 2/169, and al-Tirmidhi (no. 1074) also transmits it through ʿAbd al-Rahman ibn Mahdi and Abu ʿAmir al-ʿAqadi, both on the authority of Hisham ibn Saʿd. The chain is interrupted, because Rabiʿa ibn Sayf narrates only from ʿAbd al-Rahman al-Habli who in turn reports from ʿAbd Allah ibn ʿAmr; there is no proof that he heard directly from Ibn ʿAmr. Even so, the hadith is sound when supported by parallel chains from Anas ibn Malik, Jabir ibn ʿAbd Allah, and others. Consult Tuhfat al-Ahwadhi for further details.
وَاشْتَدَّتْ عِلَّتُهُ (١) يَوْمَ الخَمِيْسِ، وَوَضَّأْتُهُ، فَقَالَ: خَلِّلِ الأَصَابِعَ. فَلَمَّا كَانَتْ لَيْلَةُ الجُمُعَةِ، ثَقُلَ، وَقُبِضَ صَدْرَ النَّهَارِ، فَصَاحَ النَّاسُ، وَعَلَتِ الأَصوَاتُ بِالبكَاءِ، حَتَّى كَأَنَّ الدُّنْيَا قَدِ ارتَجَّتْ، وَامتَلأَتِ السُّكَكُ وَالشَّوَارِعُ. الخَلاَّلُ: أَخْبَرَنِي عِصْمَةُ بنُ عِصَامٍ، حَدَّثَنَا حَنْبَلٌ، قَالَ: أَعطَى بَعْضُ وَلَدِ الفَضْلِ بنِ الرَّبِيْعِ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ - وَهُوَ فِي الحَبْسِ - ثَلاَثَ شَعرَاتٍ، فَقَالَ: هَذِهِ مِنْ شَعْرِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ. فَأَوْصَى أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ أَنْ يُجعَلَ عَلَى كُلِّ عَيْنٍ شَعرَةٌ، وَشَعرَةٌ عَلَى لِسَانِهِ، فَفُعِلَ ذَلِكَ بِهِ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ. وَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بنُ أَحْمَدَ، وَمُطَيَّنٌ، وَغَيْرُهُمَا: مَاتَ لاِثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ خَلَتْ مِنْ رَبِيْعٍ الأَوَّلِ، يَوْمَ الجُمُعَةِ. وَقَالَ ذَلِكَ: البُخَارِيُّ، وَعَبَّاسٌ الدُّوْرِيُّ. فَقَدْ غَلِطَ ابْنُ قَانِعٍ حَيْثُ يَقُوْلُ: رَبِيْعٌ الآخِرُ. الخَلاَّلُ: حَدَّثَنَا المَرُّوْذِيُّ، قَالَ: أُخرِجَتِ الجَنَازَةُ بَعْد مُنصَرَفِ النَّاسِ مِنَ الجُمُعَةِ. أَحْمَدُ فِي (مُسْنَدِهِ) : حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَامِرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامُ بنُ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ سَعِيْدِ بنِ أَبِي هِلاَلٍ، عَنْ رَبِيْعَةَ بنِ سَيْفٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بنِ عَمْرٍو: عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ: (مَا مِنْ مُسْلِمٍ يَمُوْتُ يَوْم الجُمُعَةِ أَوْ لَيْلَةَ الجُمُعَةِ إِلاَّ وَقَاهُ اللهُ فِتْنَةَ القَبْرِ) (٢) .
(١) في " تاريخ الإسلام ": " عليه ". (٢) هو في " المسند " ٢ / ١٦٩، وأخرجه الترمذي (١٠٧٤) من طريق عبد الرحمن بن مهدي، وأبي عامر العقدي، كلاهما عن هشام بن سعد به. وهو منقطع، لان ربيعة بن سيف إنما يروي عن عبد الرحمن الحبلي، عن عبد الله بن عمرو، ولا نعرف له سماعا من ابن عمرو، لكن الحديث قوي بشواهده عن أنس بن مالك، وجابر بن عبد الله، وغيرهما. انظر " تحفة الاحوذي ".

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