Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

and he removed the garments that had been bestowed upon him, ordered them to be sold, and gave their price in charity.

Al-Muʿtaṣim had instructed Isḥāq ibn Ibrāhīm not to cease sending him news of Aḥmad, for—as we were told—Aḥmad had been left unattended when they had despaired of his survival.

We were informed that al-Muʿtaṣim later regretted this and was seized by remorse until Aḥmad recovered. The courier who reported to Isḥāq ibn Ibrāhīm would visit us every day to inquire about his condition until he became well. Even so, both of his thumbs remained dislocated; they would throb in the cold, so hot water was warmed for him.

When we sought medical treatment for him, we feared that Aḥmad ibn Abī Dāwūd might slip poison to the physician, so we prepared the medicine and the ointment in our own house.

I heard him say, “Everyone who has mentioned me I have pardoned—except an innovator. I have also pardoned Abū Isḥāq,” meaning al-Muʿtaṣim, “for I see that Allah says: ‘Let them pardon and overlook. Do you not love that Allah should forgive you?’ (Qur’an 24:22). And the Prophet ﷺ instructed Abu Bakr to pardon in the affair of Mistah (1).”

Abū ʿAbd Allāh added, “What benefit is there for you if Allah should punish your Muslim brother on your account?!”

Hanbal said: Abū ʿAbd Allāh related that Burghūth—meaning on the day of the ordeal—said, “O …”

(1) Mistah ibn Athathah ibn Ubad ibn al-Muttalib ibn Abd Manaf ibn Qusayy al-Qurashi al-Muttalibi was Abu Bakr al-Siddiq’s maternal cousin. He fought at Badr, but later joined those who spread the slander (al-ifk) against Aishah, for which the Prophet, salla Allahu alayhi wa-sallam, had him flogged with the other culprits. Abu Bakr, radiya Allahu anhu, had been supporting him financially and swore to stop doing so, whereupon God revealed: “Let not those of virtue and wealth among you swear to withhold support from their relatives, the poor and the emigrants in the path of God. Let them pardon and overlook. Do you not desire that God forgive you? God is All-Forgiving, Most-Merciful” (Quran 24:22). Abu Bakr then declared, “Indeed, by God, we do desire Your forgiveness, our Lord,” reinstated Mistah’s allowance, and said, “By God, I will never cut it off again.” May God be pleased with you, Abu Bakr—how swiftly you responded to God’s call and confirmed His Messenger. See al-Tabari, Tafsir, 18:101, 103; Ibn Kathir, 3:275–276.
وَنزعَ مَا كَانَ خُلِعَ عَلَيْهِ، فَأمرَ بِهِ، فَبِيعَ، وَتَصدَّقَ بِثمنِهِ. وَكَانَ المُعْتَصِمُ أمرَ إِسْحَاقَ بنَ إِبْرَاهِيْمَ أَنْ لاَ يقطعَ عَنْهُ خَبَرَهُ، وَذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ تُرِكَ فِيْمَا حُكِيَ لَنَا عِنْدَ الإِيَاسِ مِنْهُ. وَبَلَغَنَا: أَنَّ المُعْتَصِمَ ندمَ، وَأُسقطَ فِي يَدِه، حَتَّى صلحَ، فَكَانَ صَاحِبُ خَبَرِ إِسْحَاقَ بنِ إِبْرَاهِيْمَ يَأتِينَا كُلَّ يَوْمٍ يَتَعرَّفُ خبرَه، حَتَّى صَحَّ، وَبقيتْ إِبهَامَاهُ مُنخلعَتينِ، يَضْرِبَانِ عَلَيْهِ فِي البَردِ، فَيُسَخَّنُ لَهُ المَاءُ، وَلَمَّا أَردنَا علاجَه، خِفْنَا أَنْ يدسَّ أَحْمَدُ بنُ أَبِي دُوَادَ سُمّاً إِلَى المُعَالِجِ، فَعمِلنَا الدَّوَاءَ وَالمرهَمَ فِي مَنْزِلنَا. وسَمِعْتُهُ يَقُوْلُ: كُلُّ مَنْ ذَكَرنِي فَفِي حِلٍّ إِلاَّ مُبتدِعاً، وَقَدْ جَعَلتُ أَبَا إِسْحَاقَ -يَعْنِي: المُعْتَصِمَ- فِي حِلٍّ، وَرَأَيْتُ اللهَ يَقُوْلُ: ﴿وَلْيَعْفُوا وَلْيَصْفَحُوا، أَلاَ تُحِبُّوْنَ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ اللهُ لَكُم﴾ [النُّورُ: ٢٢] وَأَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَبَا بَكْرٍ بِالعفوِ فِي قِصَّةِ مِسْطَحٍ (١) . قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ: وَمَا ينفعُكَ أَنْ يُعَذِّبَ اللهُ أَخَاكَ المُسْلِمَ فِي سَبَبكَ؟!! قَالَ حَنْبَلٌ: قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ: قَالَ بُرْغُوْثُ -يَعْنِي: يَوْمَ المِحْنَةِ-: يَا
(١) هو مسطح بن أثاثة بن عباد بن المطلب بن عبد مناف بن قصي القرشي المطلبي، ابن خالة أبي بكر الصديق. شهد بدرا، وكان ممن خاض في الافك على عائشة، ﵂، فجلده النبي، ﷺ، فيمن جلد في ذلك. وكان أبو بكر، ﵁، ينفق عليه، فأقسم ألا ينفق عليه، فأنزل الله تعالى: (ولا يأتل أولو الفضل منكم والسعة أن يؤتوا أولي القربى المساكين والمهاجرين في سبيل الله، وليعفوا وليصفحوا، ألا تحبون أن يغفر الله لكم، والله غفور رحيم) . عند ذلك قال الصديق: بلى، والله. إنا نحب أن تغفر لنا، يا ربنا. ثم رجع إلى مسطح ماكان يصله من النفقة، وقال: والله لاأنزعها منه أبدا. رضي الله عنك يا أبا بكر، ما كان أسرعك لتلبية نداء الله، وتصديق رسول الله، ﷺ. انظر " تفسير الطبري " ١٨ / ١٠١، ١٠٣ وابن كثير ٣ / ٢٧٥، ٢٧٦.

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