Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

Bishr ibn Mūsā said, “I heard Ibn Maʿīn declare, ‘Woe to the ḥadīth scholar when the people of ḥadīth consider him weak.’

I asked, ‘What will they do to him?’

He replied, ‘If he is a dullard (1) they will steal his books, corrupt his narrations, shut him up while he is desperate to relieve himself until retention overwhelms him, and then kill him in the worst possible way. But if he is a forceful, stallion-like man, he will make them feel weak, and they will move only within the limits of his commands and prohibitions.’

I said, ‘And what makes him a real man?’

He answered, ‘He knows exactly what comes out of his own head.’

ʿAbbās related, “I heard Yaḥyā explain the phrase, ‘She must not refuse him even if she is on a saddle-pad (2).’ He said, ‘In pre-Islamic times, when a woman was about to give birth she would sit on a saddle-pad so that the delivery would be faster.’ ”

He also remarked, “I am not amazed at the one who narrates and errs, but at the one who gets it right.”

I heard him ask Ḥubbā al-Madaniyyah, “Which kind of men do women find most attractive?” She answered, “The one whose cheek resembles hers.”

Yaḥyā said about zakāt al-fiṭr, “There is no harm in giving it in silver.”

He said regarding someone who prays alone behind the row, “He must repeat the prayer.”

As for one who leads a congregation without ablution, he said, “They need not repeat the prayer, but he must.”

He also told me, “I perform witr with three rakʿahs, and I do not recite the qunūt except in the latter half of Ramaḍān.”

(1) Al-kawdan: a mule or hybrid horse; by extension, the term is used for a slow-witted man. (2) Reported by Ahmad, 4/381, and Ibn Majah, no. 1853, through al-Qasim b. ‘Awf al-Shaybani from ‘Abd Allah b. Abi Awfa: When Mu‘adh returned from Syria he prostrated before the Prophet. The Prophet asked, “What is this, Mu‘adh?” He replied, “I visited Syria and found its people prostrating to their bishops and grandees, so I wished to do the same for you.” The Messenger of Allah said, “Do not do so. Had I been permitted to order anyone to prostrate to someone other than Allah, I would have instructed a wife to prostrate to her husband. By Him in whose hand Muhammad’s soul rests, a woman does not fully discharge her duty to her Lord until she has fulfilled her duty to her husband; even if he asks her for intimacy while she is on the saddle frame, she should not refuse.” The chain is sound, and Ibn Hibban authenticated it (no. 1290).
قَالَ بِشْرُ بنُ مُوْسَى: سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ مَعِيْنٍ يَقُوْلُ: وَيْلٌ لِلْمُحَدِّثِ إِذَا اسْتَضعَفَهُ أَصْحَابُ الحَدِيْثِ. قُلْتُ: يَعْمَلُوْنَ بِهِ مَاذَا؟ قَالَ: إِنْ كَانَ كَوْدَناً (١) ، سَرَقُوا كُتُبَهُ، وَأَفسَدُوا حَدِيْثَهُ، وَحَبَسُوهُ وَهُوَ حَاقِنٌ حَتَّى يَأْخُذَهُ الحَصْرُ، فَقَتَلُوهُ شَرَّ قِتْلَةٍ، وَإِنْ كَانَ فَحلاً، اسْتَضعَفَهُمْ، وَكَانُوا بَيْنَ أَمرِهِ وَنَهْيِهِ. قُلْتُ: وَكَيْفَ يَكُوْنُ ذَكَراً؟ قَالَ: يَعرِفُ مَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْ رَأْسِهِ. قَالَ عَبَّاسٌ: سَمِعْتُ يَحْيَى يَقُوْلُ فِي قَوْلهِ: (لاَ تَمْنَعُهُ نَفْسَهَا وَلَوْ كَانَتْ عَلَى قَتَبٍ (٢)) ، قَالَ: كَانَتِ المَرْأَةُ فِي الجَاهِلِيَّةِ إِذَا أَرَادَتْ أَنْ تَلِدَ، تَقْعُدُ عَلَى قَتَبٍ؛ لِيَكُوْنَ أَسْرَعَ لِوِلاَدَتِهَا. وَقَالَ: لَسْتُ أَعجَبُ مِمَّنْ يُحَدِّثُ فَيُخطِئُ، بَلْ مِمَّنْ يُصِيبُ. وسَمِعْتُهُ يَقُوْلُ لِحُبَّى المَدَنِيَّةِ: أَيُّ الرِّجَالِ أَعجَبُ إِلَى النِّسَاءِ؟ قَالَتْ: الَّذِي يُشْبِهُ خَدُّه خَدَّهَا. وَقَالَ يَحْيَى فِي زَكَاةِ الفِطْرِ: لاَ بَأْسَ أَنْ تُعْطَى فِضَّةً. وَقَالَ يَحْيَى فِيْمَنْ صَلَّى خَلْفَ الصَّفِّ وَحدَهُ، قَالَ: يُعِيدُ. وَقَالَ فِي مَنْ صَلَّى بِقَومٍ عَلَى غَيْرِ وُضُوءٍ، قَالَ: لاَ يُعِيدُوْنَ، وَيُعِيدُ. وَقَالَ لِي: أَنَا أُوتِرُ بِثَلاَثٍ، وَلاَ أَقْنُتُ إِلاَّ فِي النِّصْفِ الأَخِيْرِ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ،
(١) الكودن: البغل أو الحصان الهجين، ويشبه به الرجل البليد. (٢) أخرجه الامام أحمد ٤ / ٣٨١، وابن ماجة (١٨٥٣) من طريق القاسم بن عوف الشيباني، عن عبد الله بن أبي أوفى، قال: لما قدم معاذ من الشام، سجد للنبي، ﷺ، قال: " ما هذا يا معاذ "؟ قال: أتيت الشام فوافقتهم يسجدون لاساقفتهم وبطارقتهم، فوددت في نفسي أن نفعل ذلك بك. فقال رسول الله، ﷺ،: " فلا تفعلوا، فإني لو كنت آمرا أحدا أن يسجد لغير الله، لامرت المرأة أن تسجد لزوجها. والذي نفس محمد بيده، لا تؤدي المرأة حق ربها حتى تؤدي حق زوجها، ولو سألها نفسها، وهي على قتب، لم تمنعه ". وسنده حسن، وصححه ابن حبان (١٢٩٠) .

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