Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

With the chain that reaches Yaḥyā ibn Maʿīn, he said:

“Yaḥyā ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Yazīd ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Unays al-Anṣārī narrated to us. I heard Ṭalḥah ibn Khirāsh relate from Jābir ibn ʿAbd Allāh that:

A man stood and performed the two pre-dawn rakʿahs of Fajr. In the first rakʿah he recited: Qul yā ayyuhā al-kāfirūn—‘Say, O you who disbelieve,’ and continued until he completed the surah. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, “This servant has come to know his Lord.”

In the second rakʿah he recited: Qul huwa Allāhu aḥad—‘Say, He is Allah, the One,’ and continued until he completed the surah. The Prophet said, “This servant has believed in his Lord.”

Ṭalḥah concluded, “For that reason I like to recite these two surahs in these two rakʿahs.” (1)

With another chain that goes back to Ibn Maʿīn, he said:

“Ibn ʿUyaynah narrated to us, from Ḥumayd al-Aʿraj, from Sulaymān ibn ʿAtīq, from Jābir ibn ʿAbd Allāh:

The Prophet ﷺ ordered that losses caused by blight be borne (by the seller) and he forbade sales fixed by years (bayʿ al-sinīn).”

Abū Dāwūd also recorded it (2) through Yaḥyā, and our transmission agrees with his.

And with the chain: Ḥafṣ ibn Ghiyāth narrated to us, from al-Aʿmash, from Abū Ṣāliḥ, from Abū Hurayrah, who said:

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “Whoever annuls a Muslim’s sale when he stumbles, Allah will annul his stumble on the Day of Resurrection.”

(1) Its transmitters are trustworthy, and I have not found it cited elsewhere. (2) No. 3374 in the Book of Sales, “Chapter on bayʿ al-sinin,” transmitted through Ahmad ibn Hanbal and Yahya ibn Maʿin; its chain is sound. It also appears in the Musnad 3/309. Muslim included the last portion in his Sahih (1554), and al-Nasaʾi 7/265, while Ibn Majah recorded the first portion under no. 2218—all of them through the isnad of Sufyan, from Humayd al-Aʿraj, from Sulayman ibn ʿAtiq, from Jabir ibn ʿAbd Allah. Bayʿ al-sinin is the sale of the produce of a specified palm-tree (or group of palms) for two or three future years, meaning that one sells something not yet in existence at the moment of contract. Al-jawāʾih (sing. jāʾiḥa) are calamities that destroy crops or property. On the strength of this hadith, Imam Ahmad and the hadith specialists hold that in the event of such a calamity the loss is deducted from the price in proportion to what has perished.
وبَالإِسْنَادِ إِلَى يَحْيَى بنِ مَعِيْنٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بنِ يَزِيْدَ بنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بنِ أُنَيْسٍ الأَنْصَارِيُّ، سَمِعْتُ طَلْحَةَ بنَ خِرَاشٍ، يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ جَابِرِ بنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ: أَنَّ رَجُلاً قَامَ، فَرَكَعَ رَكْعَتَيِ الفَجْرِ، فَقَرَأَ فِي الرَّكْعَةِ الأُوْلَى: ﴿قُلْ يَا أَيُّهَا الكَافِرُوْنَ﴾ [الكَافِرُوْنَ: ١] حَتَّى انْقَضَتِ السُّوْرَةُ. فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ: (هَذَا عَبْدٌ عَرَفَ رَبَّهُ) . وَقَرَأَ فِي الآخِرَةِ: ﴿قُلْ هُوَ اللهُ أَحَدٌ﴾ [الإِخْلاَصُ: ١] حَتَّى انْقَضَتِ السُّوْرَةُ. فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ: (هَذَا عَبْدٌ آمَنَ بِرَبِّهِ) . قَالَ طَلْحَةُ: فَأَنَا أَسْتَحِبُّ أَنْ أَقْرَأَهُمَا فِي هَاتَيْنِ الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ (١) . وبَالإِسْنَادِ إِلَى ابْنِ مَعِيْنٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ الأَعْرَجِ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بنِ عَتِيْقٍ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ: أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ أَمَرَ بِوَضْعِ الجَوَائِحِ، وَنَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ السِّنِيْنَ. أَخْرَجَهُ: أَبُو دَاوُدَ (٢) ، عَنْ يَحْيَى، فَوَافَقْنَاهُ. وبَالإِسْنَادِ: حَدَّثَنَا حَفْصُ بنُ غِيَاثٍ، عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: (مَنْ أَقَالَ مُسْلِماً عَثْرَتَهُ، أَقَالَهُ اللهُ يَوْمَ القِيَامَةِ) .
(١) رجاله ثقات، ولم أره في مصدر آخر. (٢) رقم (٣٣٧٤) في البيوع: باب في بيع السنين، من طريق أحمد بن حنبل، ويحيى ابن معين، وإسناده صحيح. وهو في " المسند " ٣ / ٣٠٩، وأخرج مسلم في " صحيحه " (١٥٥٤) القسم الأخير منه، والنسائي ٧ / ٢٦٥، وأخرج ابن ماجة القسم الأول منه برقم (٢٢١٨) كلهم من طرق عن سفيان، عن حميد الاعرج، عن سليمان بن عتيق، عن جابر بن عبد الله. وبيع السنين: أن يبيع ثمرة نخلة أو نخلات بأعيانها سنتين أو ثلاثا، فإنه يبيع شيئا لا وجود له حال العقد. والجوائح: جمع جائحة، وهي الآفة التي تهلك الثمار والاموال. وبهذا الحديث يقول الامام أحمد وأصحاب الحديث، فقد قالوا: وضع الجائحة لازم بقدر ما هلك.

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