Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

He once declared, regarding a particular wording that al-Asmaʿī had transmitted: “I heard it from a thousand Bedouins in a form different from this.” (1)

Thaʿlab said: “I remained with Ibn al-Aʿrabi for nineteen years. About one hundred people would attend his gatherings, and I never once saw a book in his hand. (2) Linguistic knowledge and prodigious memorization ended with him.” (3)

Al-Azhari stated: “Ibn al-Aʿrabi was righteous, ascetic, devout, and truthful. He memorized what no one else memorized. He learned copiously from the tribes of Banū Asad and Banū ʿUqayl, and he accompanied al-Kisāʾī in grammar.” (4)

His father had been a Sindhi slave.

The author says: He produced many literary works, including History of the Tribes. He was a man of the Sunnah, firmly committed to it. He died in Sāmarrāʾ in 231 AH.

It was said that he was the foster-son of al-Mufaḍḍal ibn Muḥammad al-Ḍabbī, the compiler of al-Mufaḍḍaliyyāt, and that he took knowledge from him.

He used to say: “It is acceptable in Arabic speech to alternate between the letters ḍād and ẓāʾ.” (5)

It is also reported that he died on the thirteenth of Shaʿbān.

(1) Tarikh Baghdad, vol. 5, p. 283; Nuzhat al-Alba, p. 150. (2) Inbaʾ al-Ruwat, vol. 3, p. 130. (3) Tarikh Baghdad, vol. 5, p. 283; Nuzhat al-Alba, p. 150. (4) Tahdhib al-Lugha, vol. 1, pp. 20–21. (5) Inbaʾ al-Ruwat, vol. 3, p. 130. The rest of the passage there states: “No one errs who substitutes this word for that,” and it cites the couplet: “To Allah I complain of a friend I cherish: / Three traits of his, each one vexes me” (with the consonant dad), adding: “This is exactly how I heard it from the eloquent Bedouins.”
قَالَ مَرَّةً فِي لَفْظَةٍ رَوَاهَا الأَصْمَعِيُّ: سَمِعْتُهَا مِنْ أَلْفِ أَعْرَابِيٍّ بِخِلاَفِ هَذَا (١) . قَالَ ثَعْلَبٌ: لَزِمتُ ابْنَ الأَعْرَابِيِّ تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً، وَكَانَ يَحضُرُ مَجْلِسَه زُهَاءُ مائَةِ إِنْسَانٍ، وَمَا رَأَيْتُ بِيَدِهِ كِتَاباً قَطُّ (٢) ، انْتَهَى إِلَيْهِ عِلْمُ اللُّغَةِ وَالحِفْظُ (٣) . قَالَ الأَزْهَرِيُّ: ابْنُ الأَعْرَابِيِّ: صَالِحٌ، زَاهِدٌ، وَرِعٌ، صَدُوْقٌ، حَفِظَ مَا لَمْ يَحْفَظْهُ غَيْرُه، وَسَمِعَ مِنْ بَنِي أَسَدٍ، وَبَنِي عُقَيْلٍ، فَاسْتَكْثَرَ، وَصَحِبَ الكِسَائِيَّ فِي النَّحْوِ (٤) . وَأَبُوْهُ عَبْدٌ سِنْدِيٌّ. قُلْتُ: لَهُ مُصَنَّفَاتٌ كَثِيْرَةٌ أَدَبِيَّةٌ، وَ (تَارِيْخُ القَبَائِلِ) ، وَكَانَ صَاحِبَ سُنَّةٍ وَاتِّبَاعٍ، مَاتَ بِسَامَرَّا، فِي سَنَةِ إِحْدَى وَثَلاَثِيْنَ وَمائَتَيْنِ. قِيْلَ: كَانَ رَبِيْبَ المُفَضَّلِ بنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الضَّبِّيِّ؛ صَاحِبِ (المُفَضَّلِيَّاتِ) ، فَأَخَذَ عَنْهُ. وَكَانَ يَقُوْلُ: جَائِزٌ فِي كَلاَمِ العَرَبِ أَنْ يُعَاقِبُوا بَيْنَ الضَّادِ وَالظَّاءِ (٥) . يُقَالُ: مَاتَ فِي ثَالِثَ عَشَرَ شَعْبَانَ.
(١) " تاريخ بغداد " ٥ / ٢٨٣، و" نزهة الالباء ": ١٥٠. (٢) " إنباه الرواة " ٣ / ١٣٠. (٣) " تاريخ بغداد " ٥ / ٢٨٣، و" نزهة الالباء ": ١٥٠. (٤) " تهذيب اللغة " ١ / ٢٠، ٢١. (٥) " إنباه الرواة " ٣ / ١٣٠ وتتمته فيه: فلا يخطئ من جعل هذه في موضع هذه، وينشد: إلى الله أشكو من خليل أوده * ثلاث خلال كلها لي غائض بالضاد، ويقول: هكذا سمعت من فصحاء الاعراب.

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