Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

ʿAbbās al-ʿAnbarī was once asked, “Which of the two was more knowledgeable in hadith, Ibn al-Madīnī or al-Shadhakūnī?” He replied, “Ibn al-Shadhakūnī in the minor narrations, and ʿAlī in the major ones.” ⦗1⦘

Abū ʿUbayd said, “Learning—meaning hadith learning—ultimately came to rest with four men: Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal, ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh, Yaḥyā ibn Maʿīn, and Abū Bakr ibn Abī Shaybah. Aḥmad was the most insightful of them in its jurisprudential implications; ʿAlī, the most knowledgeable about it; Ibn Maʿīn, the most comprehensive in collecting it; and Abū Bakr, the strongest in memorizing it.”

The ḥāfiẓ Zakariyyā al-Sājī commented, “Abū ʿUbayd was mistaken; the one who had memorized it best was al-Shadhakūnī.” ⦗2⦘

Abū Bakr ibn Abī al-Aswad said, “We were with Yaḥyā al-Qaṭṭān, and with him was Bulbul the hadith narrator—he was a black man. Al-Shadhakūnī began arguing with him and said, ‘I will surely kill you!’ Yaḥyā exclaimed, ‘Glory be to Allah! Would you kill him?’ He answered, ‘Yes. You yourself narrated to me—through ʿAwf, from al-Ḥasan, from ʿAbd Allāh ibn Mughafal—that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Were it not that dogs constitute a community, I would have commanded that they be killed; so kill every jet-black one of them.” ⦗3⦘ And this man is black!’ ”

Ibn ʿAdī said, “I asked ʿAbdān about al-Shadhakūnī, and he replied, ‘God forbid that he should be accused! His books had simply been lost, so he would narrate from memory.’ ” ⦗4⦘

It is also reported that when he was on his death-bed he said, “O Allah, I seek Your pardon, yet I have never accused…"

(1) Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi, Tarikh Baghdad, vol. 9, p. 41. (2) Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi, Tarikh Baghdad, vol. 9, p. 42. (3) Authentic. Reported by Ahmad (5/54, 56) and al-Darimi (2/90) through several chains from Awf ibn Abi Jamilah with the same isnad; also by Ahmad (5/56–57), Abu Dawud (no. 2845), al-Tirmidhi (no. 1486), Ibn Majah (no. 3205), and al-Nasai (7/185) through chains from Yunus ibn Ubayd on the authority of al-Hasan. Al-Tirmidhi graded it hasan sahih (sound and authentic). (4) Ibn ‘Adi, al-Kamil, fol. 325.
وَقَالَ عَبَّاسٌ العَنْبَرِيُّ - وَسُئِلَ: أَيُّهُمَا كَانَ أَعْلَمَ بِالحَدِيْثِ، ابْنُ المَدِيْنِيِّ، أَوِ الشَّاذَكُوْنِيُّ -؟ قَالَ: ابْنُ الشَّاذَكُوْنِيِّ بِصَغِيْرِ الحَدِيْثِ، وَعَلِيٌّ بِجَلِيْلِهِ (١) . قَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدٍ: انْتَهَى العِلْمُ إِلَى أَرْبَعَةٍ -يَعْنِي: عِلْمَ الحَدِيْثِ-: إِلَى أَحْمَدَ بنِ حَنْبَلٍ، وَعَلِيِّ بنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ، وَيَحْيَى بنِ مَعِيْنٍ، وَأَبِي بَكْرٍ بنِ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، فَأَحْمَدُ: أَفْقَهُهُم بِهِ، وَعَلِيٌّ: أَعْلَمُهُم بِهِ، وَابْنُ مَعِيْنٍ: أَجْمَعُهُم لَهُ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ: أَحْفَظُهُم لَهُ. قَالَ الحَافِظُ زَكَرِيَّا السَّاجِيُّ: وَهِمَ أَبُو عُبَيْدٍ، أَحْفَظُهُم لَهُ الشَّاذَكُوْنِيُّ (٢) . قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ بنُ أَبِي الأَسْوَدِ: كُنَّا عِنْدَ يَحْيَى القَطَّانِ، وَعِنْدَهُ بُلبُلٌ المُحَدِّثُ - وَكَانَ أَسْوَدَ - فَنَازَعَهُ الشَّاذَكُوْنِيُّ، وَقَالَ: لأَقْتُلَنَّكَ. فَقَالَ يَحْيَى: سُبْحَانَ اللهِ، تَقْتُلُهُ؟! قَالَ: نَعَمْ، أَنْتَ حَدَّثَتْنِي عَنْ عَوْفٍ، عَنِ الحَسَنِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بنِ مُغَفَّلٍ، قَالَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ: (لَوْلاَ أَنَّ الكِلاَبَ أُمَّةٌ، لأَمَرْتُ بِقَتْلِهَا، فَاقْتُلُوا مِنْهَا كُلَّ أَسْوَدَ بَهِيْمٍ (٣)) ، وَهَذَا أَسْوَدُ. قَالَ ابْنُ عَدِيٍّ: سَأَلْتُ عَبْدَانَ عَنِ الشَّاذَكُوْنِيِّ، فَقَالَ: مَعَاذَ اللهِ أَنْ يُتَّهَمَ، إِنَّمَا كَانَ قَدْ ذَهَبَتْ كُتُبهُ، فَكَانَ يُحَدِّثُ حِفْظاً (٤) . وَقِيْلَ: إِنَّهُ لَمَّا احْتُضِرَ، قَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّيْ أَعْتَذِرُ إِلَيْكَ، غَيْرَ أَنِّي مَا قَذَفتُ
(١) " تاريخ بغداد " ٩ / ٤١. (٢) " تاريخ بغداد " ٩ / ٤٢. (٣) صحيح، وأخرجه أحمد ٥ / ٥٤ و٥٦، والدارمي ٢ / ٩٠ من طرق عن عوف بن أبي جميلة بهذا الإسناد، وأخرجه أحمد ٥ / ٥٦، ٥٧، وأبو داود (٢٨٤٥) ، والترمذي (١٤٨٦) ، وابن ماجه (٣٢٠٥) ، والنسائي ٧ / ١٨٥ من طرق عن يونس بن عبيد، عن الحسن. وقال الترمذي: حسن صحيح. (٤) " الكامل " لابن عدي لوحة ٣٢٥.

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