Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

I say: in this matter Nuʿaym erred with respect to its chain of transmission.

Nuʿaym also stood alone in relating that denounced report: “Sufyān ibn ʿUyaynah narrated to us—from Abū al-Zinād, from al-Aʿraj, from Abū Hurayrah—traced back to the Prophet ﷺ: ‘You are living in a time when, should a person abandon even one-tenth of what he has been commanded, he will perish; yet a time will come upon my community when whoever acts on one-tenth of what he has been commanded will be saved.’ (1) I have no idea where Nuʿaym obtained this!”

Nuʿaym himself said, “People reject this ḥadith. I was sitting with Sufyān; something came up and he objected to it, after which he narrated this report to me.” (2)

I say: he is truthful in claiming that he heard the wording from Sufyān, yet it appears—Allah knows best—that Sufyān merely uttered it spontaneously, without any chain. The chain he had cited actually belonged to another ḥadith he intended to relate; when he encountered this denounced statement he expressed surprise, made his remark directly after the isnād, and Nuʿaym assumed that the chain belonged to that saying—Allah knows best.

Nuʿaym ibn Ḥammād further reported: “Ibn al-Mubārak and ʿAbdah ibn Sulaymān narrated to us—from ʿUbayd Allāh, from Nāfiʿ, from Abū Hurayrah—that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to pronounce the takbīr seven times in the first rakʿah and five times in the second on the two ʿĪds, all of them before the recitation.”

The correct stance is that this narration is mawqūf (3); no one raised it to the Prophet ﷺ except Nuʿaym, and he was mistaken in doing so.

(1) Al-Tirmidhi also records it (no. 2267) at the end of Kitab al-Fitan, through Ibrahim ibn Yaqub al-Jawzajani, from Naim ibn Hammad with this same chain. Ibn al-Jawzi cites it in al-Wahiyat and notes that al-Nasaʾi judged it “a rejected (munkar) hadith; it is narrated by Naim ibn Hammad, who is not reliable.” (2) Tahdhib al-Kamal, folio 1420. (3) Malik transmits it in the Muwatta, 1/191, on the authority of Nafiʿ, the freedman of Ibn Umar: “I attended the Eid al-Adha and Eid al-Fitr prayers with Abu Hurayra; in the first rakʿa he pronounced seven takbirs before the recitation, and in the second five takbirs before the recitation.” The same ruling appears in marfu form from Aisha in Abu Dawud (1149, 1150), Ibn Majah (1280), al-Hakim 1/298, al-Bayhaqi 2/286, al-Tahawi’s Sharh Maani al-Athar 4/344, Ahmad 6/70, al-Darqutni 2/47, and from Amr ibn …
قُلْتُ: فَهَذَا غَلِطَ نُعَيْمٌ فِي إِسْنَادِهِ. وَتَفَرَّدَ نُعَيْمٌ بِذَاكَ الخَبَرِ المُنْكَرِ: حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ، عَنِ الأَعْرَجِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، مَرْفُوْعاً: (إِنَّكُم فِي زَمَانٍ مَنْ تَرَكَ فِيْهِ عُشْرُ مَا أُمِرَ بِهِ، فَقَدْ هَلَكَ، وَسَيَأْتِي عَلَى أُمَّتِي زَمَانٌ مَنْ عَمِلَ بِعُشْرِ مَا أُمِرَ بِهِ، فَقَدْ نَجَا (١)) ، فَهَذَا مَا أَدْرِي مِنْ أَيْنَ أَتَى بِهِ نُعَيْمٌ! وَقَدْ قَالَ نُعَيْمٌ: هَذَا حَدِيْثٌ يُنْكِرُوْنَهُ، وَإِنَّمَا كُنْتُ مَعَ سُفْيَانَ، فَمَرَّ شَيْءٌ، فَأَنْكَرَهُ، ثُمَّ حَدَّثَنِي بِهَذَا الحَدِيْثِ (٢) . قُلْتُ: هُوَ صَادِقٌ فِي سَمَاعِ لَفْظِ الخَبَرِ مِنْ سُفْيَانَ، وَالظَّاهِرُ - وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ - أَنَّ سُفْيَانَ قَالَهُ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ بِلاَ إِسْنَادٍ، وَإِنَّمَا الإِسْنَادُ قَالَهُ لِحَدِيْثٍ كَانَ يُرِيْدُ أَنْ يَرْوِيَهُ، فَلَمَّا رَأَى المُنْكَرَ، تَعَجَّبَ، وَقَالَ مَا قَالَ عَقِيْبَ ذَلِكَ الإِسْنَادِ، فَاعْتَقَدَ نُعَيْمٌ أَنَّ ذَاكَ الإِسْنَادَ لِهَذَا القَوْلِ - وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ -. وَقَالَ نُعَيْمُ بنُ حَمَّادٍ: حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ المُبَارَكِ، وَعَبْدَةُ بنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ: أَنَّ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ يُكَبِّرُ فِي العِيْدَيْنِ سَبْعاً فِي الرَّكْعَةِ الأُوْلَى، وَخَمْسَ تَكْبِيْرَاتٍ فِي الثَّانِيَةِ، كُلُّهُنَّ قَبْلَ القِرَاءةِ. وَهَذَا صَوَابُهُ مَوْقُوْفٌ (٣) ، وَلَمْ يَرْفَعْهُ أَحَدٌ، سِوَى نُعَيْمٍ، فَوَهِمَ.
(١) وأخرجه الترمذي (٢٢٦٧) في آخر كتاب الفتن، من طريق إبراهيم بن يعقوب الجوزجاني، عن نعيم بن حماد بهذا الإسناد، وأورده ابن الجوزي في " الواهيات " وقال: قال النسائي: حديث منكر رواه نعيم بن حماد وليس بثقة. (٢) " تهذيب الكمال " لوحة ١٤٢٠. (٣) أخرجه مالك في " الموطأ " ١ / ١٩١ من طريق نافع مولى ابن عمر قال: شهدت الاضحى والفطر مع أبي هريرة، فكبر في الركعة الأولى سبع تكبيرات قبل القراءة، وفي الآخرة خمس تكبيرات قبل القراءة. وفي الباب في المرفوع عن عائشة عند أبي داود (١١٤٩) و (١١٥٠) ، وابن ماجه (١٢٨٠) ، والحاكم ١ / ٢٩٨، والبيهقي ٢ / ٢٨٦، والطحاوي في " شرح معاني الآثار " ٤ / ٣٤٤، وأحمد ٦ / ٧٠، والدارقطني ٢ / ٤٧، وعن عمرو بن =

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