Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

as well as by Aḥmad ibn ʿĪsā al-Tustarī, and by Aḥmad ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Wahb, both on the authority of Ibn Wahb.

Abū Zurʿah al-Naṣrī said: “Its transmitters are all well-known.”

I say: Beyond any doubt it was narrated by Ibn Wahb, his own teacher, and Ibn Abī Hilāl, and they are recognized, upright men. As for Marwān—what will make you realize who Marwān is?—he is the grandson of Abū Saʿīd b. al-Muʿallā al-Anṣārī, and his teacher was ʿUmārah b. ʿĀmir b. ʿAmr b. Ḥazm al-Anṣārī.⦗1⦘

Even if we were to concede that the Prophet ﷺ actually said this, he ﷺ knows best what he said; moreover, any dream-vision of his calls for an interpretation that he did not spell out, nor are we capable of providing it. To take the report at its literal, sensory face value—far be it from us to indulge in such speculation. Indeed, some scholars have maintained that the ḥadith suffered a copyist’s error and that the correct wording is: “he saw his riʾiyy,” with a doubled yāʾ.

ʿAlī (may Allah be pleased with him) said, “Address the people with what they can understand, and leave aside what they would repudiate.”⦗2⦘

It is authentically established that Abū Hurayrah withheld many reports that a Muslim has no need of for his religion; he used to say, “If I were to disclose them among you, this throat of mine would be cut.”⦗3⦘

This, however, is not a case of concealing knowledge.

(1) Both isnads are weak. Ibn Hajar cites the report in al-Isaba, 4/470, under the biography of Umm al-Tufayl; he attributes it to al-Daraqutni and comments, “Marwan is rejected.” Ibn Maʿin adds, “And who is Marwan that he should be deemed credible?” (2) Al-Bukhari includes it in his Sahih, 1/199 (Book of Knowledge, chapter: “Designating some people for knowledge to the exclusion of others out of fear they might not understand”), through the chain: ʿUbayd Allah ibn Musa – Maʿruf ibn Kharbudh – Abu Tufayl – ʿAli. (3) Al-Bukhari records it, 1/191–192 (Book of Knowledge, chapter: “Safeguarding knowledge”), via Ismail ibn Abi Uways – “my brother narrated to me” – Ibn Abi Dhiʾb – Saʿid al-Maqburi – Abu Hurayra, who said: “I memorised from the Messenger of Allah two vessels of knowledge. One I have spread; had I spread the other, this throat would have been cut.” Al-Hafiz explains that the undisclosed “vessel” refers to hadiths exposing wicked rulers, their conduct and the period in which they would arise. Abu Hurayra would allude to some of this material without stating it openly, fearing for his life—for instance, his words: “I seek refuge in Allah from the year sixty and from the rule of children.” This hinted at the caliphate of Yazid ibn Muʿawiya, which began in 60 AH. Allah accepted Abu Hurayra’s supplication, and he died a year earlier.
وَأَحْمَدُ بنُ عِيْسَى التُّسْتَرِيُّ، وَأَحْمَدُ بنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بنِ وَهْبٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ وَهْبٍ. قَالَ أَبُو زُرْعَةَ النَّصْرِيُّ: رِجَالُهُ مَعْرُوْفُوْنَ. قُلْتُ: بِلاَ رَيْبٍ قَدْ حَدَّثَ بِهِ: ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، وَشَيْخُهُ، وَابْنُ أَبِي هِلاَلٍ، وَهُمْ مَعْرُوْفُوْنَ عُدُوْلٌ، فَأَمَّا مَرْوَانُ، وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا مَرْوَانُ؟ فَهُوَ حَفِيْدُ أَبِي سَعِيْدٍ بنِ المُعَلَّى الأَنْصَارِيِّ، وَشَيْخُهُ هُوَ عُمَارَةُ بنُ عَامِرِ بنِ عَمْرِو بنِ حَزْمٍ الأَنْصَارِيُّ (١) . وَلَئِنْ جَوَّزْنَا أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَهُ، فَهُوَ أَدْرَى بِمَا قَالَ، وَلِرُؤْيَاهُ فِي المَنَامِ تَعْبِيرٌ لَمْ يَذْكُرْهُ ﵊ وَلاَ نَحْنُ نُحْسِنُ أَنْ نَعْبُرَهُ، فَأَمَّا أَنْ نَحْمِلَهُ عَلَى ظَاهِرِهِ الحِسِّيِّ، فَمَعَاذَ اللهِ أَنْ نَعْتَقِدَ الخَوْضَ فِي ذَلِكَ، بِحَيْثُ إِنَّ بَعْضَ الفُضَلاَءِ قَالَ: تَصَحَّفَ الحَدِيْثُ، وَإِنَّمَا هُوَ: رَأَى رِئِيَّهُ بِيَاءٍ مُشَدَّدَةٍ. وَقَدْ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ﵁: حَدِّثُوا النَّاسَ بِمَا يَعْرِفُوْنَ، وَدَعُوا مَا يُنْكِرُوْنَ (٢) . وَقَدْ صحَّ: أَنَّ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ كَتَمَ حَدِيْثاً كَثِيْراً مِمَّا لاَ يَحْتَاجُهُ المُسْلِمُ فِي دِيْنِهِ، وَكَانَ يَقُوْلُ: لَوْ بَثَثْتُهُ فِيْكُم، لَقُطِعَ هَذَا البُلْعُومُ (٣) . وَلَيْسَ هَذَا مِنْ بَابِ كِتْمَانِ العِلْمِ
(١) وكلاهما ضعيف، والخبر أورده الحافظ في " الإصابة " ٤ / ٤٧٠ في ترجمة أم الطفيل، ونسبه للدارقطني، وقال: ومروان متروك. قال ابن معين: ومن مروان حتى يصدق. (٢) أخرجه عنه البخاري في " صحيحه " ١ / ١٩٩ في العلم: باب من خص بالعلم قوما دون قوم كراهية أن لا يفهموا، من طريق عبيد الله بن موسى، عن معروف بن خربوذ، عن أبي الطفيل، عن علي. (٣) أخرجه البخاري ١ / ١٩١، ١٩٢، في العلم: باب حفظ العلم، من طريق إسماعيل بن أبي أويس، حدثني أخي، عن ابن أبي ذئب، عن سعيد المقبري، عن أبي هريرة قال: حفظت عن رسول الله ﷺ دعاءين، فأما أحدهما فبثثته، وأما الآخر فلو بثثته قطع هذا البلعوم. قال الحافظ: وحمل العلماء الوعاء الذي لم يبثه على الأحاديث التي فيها تبيين أمراء السوء وأحوالهم وزمنهم، وقد كان أبو هريرة يكني عن بعضه، ولا يصرح به خوفا على نفسه منهم، كقوله: أعوذ بالله من رأس الستين وإمارة الصبيان. بشير إلى خلافة يزيد بن معاوية، لأنها كانت سنة ستين للهجرة، واستجاب الله دعاء أبي هريرة فمات قبلها بسنة.

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