The Expedition against Banu al-Mustaliq—also called the Expedition of al-Muraysiʿ:
Ibn Isḥāq states that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ went out against Banu al-Mustaliq of Khuzaʿah in Shaʿbān of the sixth year AH; so narrated Ibn Isḥāq.
Ibn Shihāb and ʿUrwah, however, place it in Shaʿbān of the fifth year, and the same is reported from Qatādah.
Al-Wāqidī agrees, saying: “The Messenger of Allah ﷺ set out on Monday, two nights into Shaʿbān of the fifth year, and arrived back in Madinah with the new moon of Ramadan.”
I remark: The incident of the false slander (ḥadīth al-ifk) took place during this expedition, as already recorded under the events of the fifth year—and that is the sound view.
The Najd Raid—said to have occurred in Muḥarram of the sixth year AH:
Al-Layth ibn Saʿd related: Saʿīd al-Maqburī told me that he heard Abū Hurayrah say: “The Messenger of Allah ﷺ dispatched a cavalry detachment toward Najd. They returned with a man of Banu Ḥanīfah named Thumāmah ibn Uthāl, the chief of al-Yamāmah, and tied him to one of the pillars of the mosque. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ came out to him and asked, ‘What do you have to say for yourself?’ He replied, ‘O Muḥammad, I have nothing but good. If you kill, you kill a man who has shed blood; if you show kindness, you show kindness to one who will be grateful; and if it is wealth you want, ask and you will be given whatever you wish.’
“The Messenger of Allah ﷺ left him until the next day and then asked, ‘What do you have, O Thumāmah?’ He answered, ‘Exactly what I told you: if you show kindness, you show kindness to one who will be grateful; if you kill, you kill a man who has shed blood; and if you seek wealth…’”