Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

—he said, “I seek Allah’s forgiveness; the very mention of the isnad (chain of transmission) breeds conceit in the heart.

Abu Bakr al-Marwazi said: I heard Bishr say, “Hunger purifies the heart, puts passion to death, and yields subtle knowledge.”

Abu Bakr ibn ʿUthman said: I heard Bishr ibn al-Harith say, “For forty years I have craved roast meat, yet not once have I had a single dirham that was unquestionably pure.” (1)

Muhammad ibn ʿAbd al-Wahhab al-Farraʾ said: ʿAli ibn ʿAtham narrated to us: “Bishr ibn al-Harith stayed in ʿAbadan, drinking seawater and refusing to drink from the sultan’s cisterns until it harmed his stomach. He returned to his sister in pain. He used to make spindles and sell them, and that was his livelihood.”

Al-Ḥāfiẓ Musa ibn Harun said: Muhammad ibn Nuʿaym narrated to us: “I saw them come to Bishr, and he said, ‘People of hadith! Do you realize that zakah is due on it, just as the one who owns two hundred dirhams must give five?’” (2)

I say: This is rhetorical hyperbole; otherwise, if the hadiths concern obligatory duties they are binding, and if they relate to meritorious acts they are meritorious—but acting upon them becomes especially incumbent on the hadith scholar.

Abu Nashit said: “Bishr forbade me from hadith and its people.”

He also said: “I went to Yahya al-Qattan, and I was informed that he said, ‘I love this young man because of his pursuit of hadith.’”

(1) Tarikh Baghdad, vol. 7, p. 76; Tabaqat al-Sufiyya, p. 45. (2) Tarikh Baghdad, vol. 7, p. 69, which continues: “Likewise, when one of you has heard two hundred hadiths, he must act upon at least five of them; otherwise, reflect on what this will mean for you tomorrow.”
قَالَ: أَسْتَغْفِرُ اللهَ، إِنَّ لِذِكرِ الإِسْنَادِ فِي القَلْبِ خُيَلاَءَ. قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ المَرْوَزِيُّ: سَمِعْتُ بِشْراً يَقُوْلُ: الجُوعُ يُصَفِّي الفُؤَادَ، وَيُمِيتُ الهَوَى، وَيُورِثُ العِلْمَ الدَّقِيْقَ. وَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ بنُ عُثْمَانَ: سَمِعْتُ بِشْرَ بنَ الحَارِثِ يَقُوْلُ: إِنِّيْ لأَشتَهِي شِوَاءً مُنْذُ أَرْبَعِيْنَ سَنَةً، مَا صَفَا لِي دِرْهَمُهُ (١) . قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بنُ عَبْدِ الوَهَّابِ الفَرَّاءُ: حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بنُ عَثَّامٍ، قَالَ: أَقَامَ بِشْرُ بنُ الحَارِثِ بِعَبَّادَانَ يَشْرَبُ مَاءَ البَحْرِ، وَلاَ يَشْرَبُ مِنْ حِيَاضِ السُّلْطَانِ، حَتَّى أَضَرَّ بِجَوفِهِ، وَرَجَعَ إِلَى أُخْتِهِ وَجِعاً، وَكَانَ يَعْمَلُ المَغَازِلَ، وَيَبِيعُهَا، فَذَاكَ كَسْبُه. قَالَ الحَافِظُ مُوْسَى بنُ هَارُوْنَ: حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بنُ نُعَيْمٍ، قَالَ: رَأَيْتُهُم جَاؤُوا إِلَى بِشْرٍ، فَقَالَ: يَا أَهْلَ الحَدِيْثِ، عَلِمتُم أَنَّهُ يَجِبُ عَلَيْكُم فِيْهِ زَكَاةٌ، كَمَا يَجِبُ عَلَى مَنْ مَلَكَ مائَتَيْ دِرْهَمٍ خَمْسَةٌ (٢) . قُلْتُ: هَذَا عَلَى المُبَالَغَةِ، وَإِلاَّ فَإِنْ كَانَتِ الأَحَادِيْثُ فِي الوَاجِبَاتِ، فَهِيَ مُوْجِبَةٌ، وَإِنْ كَانَتْ فِي فَضَائِل الأَعْمَالِ، فَهِيَ فَاضِلَةٌ، لَكِنْ يَتَأَكَّدُ العَمَلُ بِهَا عَلَى المُحَدِّثِ. قَالَ أَبُو نَشِيْطٍ: نَهَانِي بِشْرٌ عَنِ الحَدِيْثِ وَأَهلِهِ. وَقَالَ: أَتَيتُ يَحْيَى القَطَّانَ، فَبَلَغَنِي أَنَّهُ قَالَ: أُحِبُّ هَذَا الفَتَى لِطَلَبِهِ الحَدِيْثَ.
(١) " تاريخ بغداد " ٧ / ٧٦، و" طبقات الصوفية: ٤٥. (٢) " تاريخ بغداد " ٧ / ٦٩ وتتمته فيه: فكذلك يجب على أحدكم إذا سمع مئتي حديث أن يعمل منها بخمسة أحاديث، وإلا فانظروا أيش يكون هذا عليكم غدا.

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