Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

Sahl ibn ʿAmmār said, “I was with Muʿallā ibn Manṣūr, together with Ibrāhīm ibn Ḥarb al-Naysābūrī, during the days when people were debating the Qur’an. Ibrāhīm ibn Muqātil al-Marwazī came in and informed Muʿallā that the people were discussing him. Muʿallā asked, ‘What are they saying?’ He answered, ‘They are saying that you claim the Qur’an is created.’ Muʿallā replied, ‘I never said that, and whoever says that the Qur’an is created is, in my judgment, a disbeliever.’ (1)

I say: Muʿallā was a man devoted to the Sunnah and to following it, free from Jahmism.

Ibn Saʿd and Aḥmad ibn Zuhayr said: He died in the year 211 AH. (2)

I also say: All six canonical compilers narrated from him.

Abū Dāwūd stated in his Sunan: “Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal would not transmit from Muʿallā because he engaged in raʾy (personal reasoning), whereas Yaḥyā ibn Maʿīn and others considered him reliable.”

As for ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Abī Ḥātim, he erred without doubt when he reported from his father that it was said to Aḥmad, ‘Why did you not write hadith from Muʿallā?’ and he replied, ‘He used to lie.’ The correct view is the one we have already presented. (3)

Among the reports in which Muʿallā ibn Manṣūr stands alone in the chain—though not in the wording—is the one recorded for him by Abū Dāwūd, (4)

(1) Tarikh Baghdad, vol. 13, p. 188; Tahdhib al-Kamal, fols. 1353–1354. (2) Tabaqat Ibn Saʿd, vol. 7, p. 341; Tahdhib al-Kamal, fol. 1354. (3) On p. 367 he states: “He used to draft legal documents, and whoever drafts them is scarcely free from lying.” This is the wording reported by Ibn Abi Hatim in al-Jarh wa al-Taʿdil, 8/334, which does not include the comment ascribed to him by the author; he may have said it elsewhere. (4) Hadith no. 2107 in the Book of Marriage, chapter “Dowry”; the chain of transmission is sound. It is also related by Ahmad, 6/427, through Ibrahim ibn Ishaq → ʿAbd Allah ibn al-Mubarak; by al-Nasaʾi, 6/119, through al-ʿAbbas ibn Muhammad al-Duri → ʿAli ibn al-Husayn ibn Shaqiq → ʿAbd Allah ibn al-Mubarak → Maʿmar → al-Zuhri → ʿUrwa → Umm Habiba; and by al-Bayhaqi, 7/232, through Yaʿqub ibn Sufyan → ʿAbd Allah ibn ʿUthman → ʿAbd Allah ibn al-Mubarak.
وَقَالَ سَهْلُ بنُ عَمَّارٍ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ المُعَلَّى بنِ مَنْصُوْرٍ، وَإِبْرَاهِيْمَ بنِ حَرْبٍ النَّيْسَابُوْرِيِّ فِي أَيَّامِ خَاضَ النَّاسُ فِي القُرْآنِ، فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْنَا إِبْرَاهِيْمُ بنُ مُقَاتِلٍ المَرْوَزِيُّ، فَذَكَرَ لِلْمُعَلَّى أَنَّ النَّاسَ قَدْ خَاضُوا فِي أَمْرِهِ، فَقَالَ: مَاذَا يَقُوْلُوْنَ؟ قَالَ: يَقُوْلُوْنَ: إِنَّكَ تَقُوْلُ: القُرْآنُ مَخْلُوْقٌ. فَقَالَ: مَا قُلْتُ، وَمَنْ قَالَ: القُرْآنُ مَخْلُوْقٌ، فَهُوَ عِنْدِي كَافِرٌ (١) . قُلْتُ: كَانَ مُعَلَّى صَاحِبَ سُنَّةٍ وَاتِّبَاعٍ، وَكَانَ بَرِيْئاً مِنَ التَّجَهُّمِ. قَالَ ابْنُ سَعْدٍ، وَأَحْمَدُ بنُ زُهَيْرٍ: مَاتَ سَنَةَ إِحْدَى عَشْرَةَ وَمائَتَيْنِ (٢) . قُلْتُ: رَوَى لَهُ الجَمَاعَةُ. قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ فِي (سُنَنِهِ) : كَانَ أَحْمَدُ بنُ حَنْبَلٍ لاَ يَرْوِي عَنْ مُعَلَّى؛ لأَنَّهُ كَانَ يَنْظُرُ فِي الرَّأْيِ، وَيَحْيَى بنُ مَعِيْنٍ وَغَيْرُهُ يُوَثِّقُهُ. وَأَمَّا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بنُ أَبِي حَاتِمٍ، فَغَلِطَ بِلاَ رَيْبٍ، فَنَقَلَ عَنْ أَبِيْهِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: قِيْلَ لأَحْمَدَ: كَيْفَ لَمْ تَكْتُبْ عَنْ مُعَلَّى؟ فَقَالَ: كَانَ يَكْذِبُ. وَإِنَّمَا الصَّوَابُ مَا قَدَّمْنَاهُ (٣) . وَمِنْ مُفْرَدَاتِ مُعَلَّى بنِ مَنْصُوْرٍ فِي إِسْنَادٍ لاَ فِي مَتْنٍ: مَا رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ (٤) لَهُ،
(١) " تاريخ بغداد " ١٣ / ١٨٨، و" تهذيب الكمال " لوحة ١٣٥٣، ١٣٥٤. (٢) " طبقات ابن سعد " ٧ / ٣٤١، و" تهذيب الكمال " لوحة ١٣٥٤. (٣) وهو قوله في الصفحة ٣٦٧: كان يكتب الشروط، ومن كتبها لم يخل من أن يكذب. وهو الذي نقله ابن أبي حاتم في " الجرح والتعديل " ٨ / ٣٣٤، ولم يرد فيه ما ذكره المصنف عنه، فلعله قال ذلك في موضع آخر. (٤) برقم (٢١٠٧) في النكاح: باب الصداق، وإسناده صحيح، وأخرجه أحمد ٦ / ٤٢٧ من طريق إبراهيم بن إسحاق، عن عبد الله بن المبارك به، وأخرجه النسائي ٦ / ١١٩، من طريق العباس بن محمد الدوري، عن علي بن الحسين بن شقيق، عن عبد الله ابن المبارك، عن معمر، عن الزهري، عن عروة، عن أم حبيبة..، وأخرجه البيهقي ٧ / ٢٣٢ من طريق يعقوب بن سفيان، عن عبد الله بن عثمان، عن عبد الله بن المبارك.

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