Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

Al-Muslim ibn Muhammad, together with a group of others, informed us, saying:
Zayd ibn al-Hasan related to us; Abu Mansur al-Shaybani related to us; Abu Bakr al-Khatib related to us; Abu Bakr al-Hayri narrated to us; Abu al-‘Abbas al-Asamm narrated to us; Yahya ibn Abi Talib narrated to us; the ḥāfiẓ al-Hasan ibn Shadhan informed me; Ibn ʿArʿarah narrated to me; Yahya ibn Aktham narrated to me, saying:

“The Caliph al-Ma’mun once said to us, ‘Were it not for the standing of Yazid ibn Harun, I would have publicly declared that the Qur’an is created.’

Someone asked, ‘And who is Yazid that you should fear him?’

He replied, ‘Woe to you! It is not that he possesses temporal power—I simply hold him in high esteem. I fear that if I make the declaration he will refute me, the people will then differ, and a tribulation will arise.’ (1)

Al-ʿAbbas ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzim and Ahmad ibn Sinan transmitted—from Shadd ibn Yahya—that he heard Yazid ibn Harun say:
‘Whoever claims that the Qur’an is created is a heretic (zindīq).’

Yazid was indeed a leading authority in the Sunnah, an avowed enemy of the Jahmiyyah, and he rejected their figurative interpretation in the matter of divine istiwāʾ.

Hamdawayh ibn al-Khattab narrated—from ʿAbd Allah ibn ʿAbd al-Rahman al-Darimi—who said, ‘Yazid ibn Harun’s ancestry goes back to Bukhara.’ (2)

Muhammad ibn ʿAbd al-Rahim, known as Ṣāʿiqah, said: ‘Yazid used to apply a deep, vivid dye.’ (3)

Yahya ibn Maʿin said: ‘Yazid ibn Harun is on a par with Hushaym and Ibn ʿUlayyah.’

Ahmad ibn Hanbal said: ‘Yazid’s hearing from Ibn Abi ʿArubah is weak; he made mistakes in those hadiths.’

(1) Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi, Tarikh Baghdad, vol. 14, p. 342. (2) Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi, Tarikh Baghdad, vol. 14, p. 338. (3) Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi, Tarikh Baghdad, vol. 14, p. 338. Qanian: an intensifier; the phrase ahmar qan means “deep red.”
أَنْبَأَنَا المُسْلِمُ بنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، وَجَمَاعَةٌ، قَالُوا: أَخْبَرَنَا زَيْدُ بنُ الحَسَنِ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مَنْصُوْرٍ الشَّيْبَانِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ الخَطِيْبُ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ الحِيْرِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو العَبَّاسِ الأَصَمُّ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي الحَسَنُ بنُ شَاذَانَ الحَافِظُ، حَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ عَرْعَرَةَ، حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بنُ أَكْثَمَ، قَالَ: قَالَ لَنَا المَأْمُوْنُ: لَوْلاَ مَكَانُ يَزِيْدَ بنِ هَارُوْنَ، لأَظْهَرتُ القُرْآنَ مَخْلُوْقٌ. فَقِيْلَ: وَمَنْ يَزِيْدُ حَتَّى يُتَّقَى؟ فَقَالَ: وَيْحَكَ! إِنِّيْ لأَرْتَضِيهِ لاَ أَنَّ لَهُ سَلْطَنَةً، وَلَكِنْ أَخَافُ إِنْ أَظْهَرتُهُ، فَيَرُدُّ عَلَيَّ، فَيَخْتَلِفُ النَّاسُ، وَتَكُوْنُ فِتْنَةً (١) . العَبَّاسُ بنُ عَبْدِ العَظِيْمِ، وَأَحْمَدُ بنُ سِنَانٍ: عَنْ شَاذِّ بنِ يَحْيَى، سَمِعَ يَزِيْدَ بنَ هَارُوْنَ يَقُوْلُ: مَنْ قَالَ: القُرْآنُ مَخْلُوْقٌ، فَهُوَ زِنْدِيْقٌ. وَقَدْ كَانَ يَزِيْدُ رَأْساً فِي السُّنَّةِ، مُعَادِياً لِلْجَهْمِيَّةِ، مُنْكِراً تَأْوِيْلَهُم فِي مَسْأَلَةِ الاسْتِوَاءِ. وَرَوَى: حَمْدَوَيْه بنُ الخَطَّابِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الدَّارِمِيِّ، قَالَ: أَصلُ يَزِيْدَ بنِ هَارُوْنَ مِنْ بُخَارَى (٢) . وَقَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحِيْمِ صَاعِقَةُ: كَانَ يَزِيْدُ يَخْضِبُ خِضَاباً قَانِياً (٣) . قَالَ يَحْيَى بنُ مَعِيْنٍ: يَزِيْدُ بنُ هَارُوْنَ مِثْلُ هُشَيْمٍ، وَابْنِ عُلَيَّةَ. وَقَالَ أَحْمَدُ بنُ حَنْبَلٍ: سَمَاعُ يَزِيْدَ مِنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عَرُوْبَةَ ضَعِيْفٌ، أَخْطَأَ فِي أَحَادِيْثَ.
(١) " تاريخ بغداد " ١٤ / ٣٤٢. (٢) " تاريخ بغداد " ١٤ / ٣٣٨. (٣) " تاريخ بغداد " ١٤ / ٣٣٨. وقانيا: شديدا، يقال: أحمر قان: شديد الحمرة.

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