Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

Among those who transmitted his readings were Yahyā al-Farrāʾ, Abū ʿUbayd, and Khalaf al-Bazzār.

He left behind a number of works, among them: Maʿānī al-Qurʾān (The Meanings of the Qur’an); a book on the variant readings; al-Nawādir al-Kabīr (The Major Book of Rare Expressions); an abridged grammar; and other writings besides.

It was said that while he was studying the recitation of Ḥamzah he would wrap himself in a cloak (kisāʾ), so people came to call him “al-Kisāʾī.”

Ibn Masrūq narrated—Salamah told us, from ʿĀṣim—that al-Kisāʾī said:

“I led Hārūn al-Rashīd in prayer and made a mistake in a verse—one that even a child would not make. I thought to myself, ‘Perhaps they will ask me to repeat it.’ Yet, by Allah, al-Rashīd did not dare say, ‘You made a mistake’; rather he asked, ‘Which dialect is that?’ I replied, ‘Commander of the Faithful, even a thoroughbred horse can stumble.’ He said, ‘As for that, indeed.’ (1)

Salamah also reported from al-Farrāʾ: I heard al-Kisāʾī say, ‘At times my tongue outpaces me with a grammatical slip.’

Khalaf ibn Hishām related that al-Kisāʾī once recited from the pulpit, “I have more wealth than you,” pronouncing “more” in the accusative. People questioned him about the rationale, and I rose up against them until they erased it. He then said to me, ‘Khalaf, who is entirely safe from error?’

And al-Farrāʾ said: ‘Al-Kisāʾī only learned grammar in later life (2), and he kept…’

(1) The account is recorded in: ʿAbd al-Ghafar al-Baghdadi, Tarikh Baghdad, vol. 11, pp. 407–408; Ibn al-Jazari, Ghayat al-Nihaya, vol. 1, p. 538; and al-Suyuti, Inbaʾ al-Ruwat, vol. 2, p. 263. Its full wording runs as follows: “I led the prayer for Harun al-Rashid, and I was pleased with my own recitation, but I made a mistake in a verse no child ever misses. I meant to say laʿallahum yarjiʿun (‘so that they might return’) but I uttered laʿallahum yarjiʿin. By Allah, Harun did not dare say to me: ‘You erred.’ Yet when I concluded the prayer he asked, ‘O Kisaʾi, what dialect was that?’ I replied, ‘Commander of the Faithful, even a thorough-bred steed may stumble.’ He responded, ‘As for that—indeed.’ ” (2) The reason he first took up learning is told as follows: one day he arrived after walking until he was exhausted and sat down beside a group distinguished for their learning…
وَمِنَ النَّقَلَةِ عَنْهُ: يَحْيَى الفَرَّاءُ، وَأَبُو عُبَيْدٍ، وَخَلَفٌ البَزَّارُ. وَلَهُ عِدَّةُ تَصَانِيْفٍ، مِنْهَا: (مَعَانِي القُرْآنِ) ، وَكِتَابٌ فِي القِرَاآتِ، وَكِتَابُ (النَّوَادِرِ الكَبِيْرِ) ، وَمُخْتَصَرٌ فِي النَّحْوِ، وَغَيْرُ ذَلِكَ. وَقِيْلَ: كَانَ أَيَّامَ تِلاَوَتِهِ عَلَى حَمْزَةَ يَلْتَفُّ فِي كِسَاءٍ، فَقَالُوا: الكِسَائِيَّ. ابْنُ مَسْرُوْقٍ: حَدَّثَنَا سَلَمَةُ، عَنْ عَاصِمٍ، قَالَ الكِسَائِيُّ: صَلَّيْتُ بِالرَّشِيْدِ، فَأَخْطَأْتُ فِي آيَةٍ، مَا أَخْطَأَ فِيْهَا صَبِيٌّ، قُلْتُ: لَعَلَّهُمْ يَرْجِعِيْنَ، فَوَاللهِ مَا اجْتَرَأَ الرَّشِيْدُ أَنْ يَقُوْلُ: أَخْطَأْتَ، لَكِنْ قَالَ: أَيُّ لُغَةٍ هَذِهِ؟ قُلْتُ: يَا أَمِيْرَ المُؤْمِنِيْنَ! قَدْ يَعْثُرُ الجَوَادُ. قَالَ: أَمَّا هَذَا فَنَعَمْ (١) . وَعَنْ سَلَمَةَ، عَنِ الفَرَّاءِ، سَمِعْتُ الكِسَائِيَّ يَقُوْلُ: رُبَّمَا سَبَقَنِي لِسَانِي بِاللَّحْنِ. وَعَنْ خَلَفِ بنِ هِشَامٍ: أَنَّ الكِسَائِيَّ قَرَأَ عَلَى المِنْبَرِ: ﴿أَنَا أَكْثَرَ مِنْكَ مَالاً﴾ بِالنَّصْبِ، فَسَأَلُوْهُ عَنِ العِلَّةِ، فَثُرْتُ فِي وُجُوْهِهِم، فَمَحَوْهُ، فَقَالَ لِي: يَا خَلَفُ! مَنْ يَسْلَمُ مِنَ اللَّحْنِ؟ وَعَنِ الفَرَّاء، قَالَ: إِنَّمَا تَعَلَّمَ الكِسَائِيُّ النَّحوَ عَلَى كِبَرٍ (٢) ، وَلَزِمَ
(١) الخبر في " تاريخ بغداد " ١١ / ٤٠٧، ٤٠٨، و" غاية النهاية " ١ / ٥٣٨، و" إنباه الرواة " ٢ / ٢٦٣، ونصه بتمامه: صليت بهارون الرشيد، فأعجبتني قراءتي، فغلطت في آية ما أخطأ فيها صبي قط، أردت أن أقول (لعلهم يرجعون) فقلت " لعلهم يرجعين " قال: فوالله ما اجترأ هارون أن يقول لي: أخطأت، ولكنه لما سلمت، قال لي: يا كسائي أي لغة هذه؟ قلت يا أمير المؤمنين قد يعثر الجواد، فقال: أما هذا، فنعم. (٢) وكان سبب تعلمه أنه جاء يوما وقد مشى حتى أعيى، فجلس إلى قوم فيهم فضل، =

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