Yahya ibn Ma‘in was asked about a hadith transmitted by Hafs ibn Ghiyath, from ‘Ubayd Allah, from Nafi‘, from Ibn ‘Umar: “We used to eat while walking in the company of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.” (1)
He replied, “No one has reported it except Hafs; it seems he erred in it—he must have heard the hadith of ‘Imran ibn Hudayr and confused the two.”
It is also related from Ahmad that he said, “Hafs would mix up his narrations.”
I say: Some of our judges have relied on this remark to argue that Hafs cannot be used as proof when he alone—without corroboration from his peers—narrates a report, such as: “Then a voice will call out (2): ‘Indeed, Allah commands you to dispatch a detachment to the Fire.’” Yet this very wording is firmly established in Ṣahih al-Bukhari (3), and Hafs is therefore an admissible authority,
(1) Reported by al-Tirmidhi, no. 1880, Book of Beverages, “Chapter: The prohibition of drinking while standing,” and by Ibn Majah, no. 3301, Book of Foods, “Chapter: Eating while standing,” both through the isnad of Abu al-Saib Salam b. Junadah al-Kufi — Hafs b. Ghayath — Ubayd Allah b. Umar — Nafiʿ — Ibn ʿUmar, who said: “In the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ we used to eat while walking and drink while standing.” Al-Tirmidhi comments: “This hadith is sahih gharib in the narration of Ubayd Allah b. Umar from Nafiʿ from Ibn ʿUmar.” ʿImran b. Hadir transmitted the same report from Abu al-Bazri Yazid b. ʿAtarid from Ibn ʿUmar. It is also recorded by al-Darimi, 2/120, and by Ahmad, 2/108, through Abu Bakr b. Abi Shaybah from Hafs b. Ghayath; cf. Tarikh Baghdad, 8/195–196.
(2) The marginal note in the base manuscript reads: “This wording is anomalous, even though al-Bukhari recorded it, because Hafs is the only one among his peers to transmit it, and a narrator of his rank is not expected to carry such an oddity. Not every additional wording is accepted; acceptance depends on reliable memory and precision and on the absence of contradiction with the majority and the more reliable narrators. Moreover, it is certain that God, exalted be He, is transcendent above sound and bodily qualities.”
I respond: the claim that Hafs alone transmitted this wording is refuted, as will be shown in the following commentary.
(3) Al-Bukhari, 8/335, Tafsir of Surat al-Hajj, “Chapter on the verse ‘You will see people inebriated…’,” and 13/385, Kitab al-Tawhid, “Chapter on the verse ‘No intercession is of any avail with Him except for one to whom He has given permission…’,” via the chain: ʿUmar b. Hafs — his father — al-Aʿmash — Abu Salih — Abu Saʿid al-Khudri. The Prophet ﷺ said: “Allah, Mighty and Majestic, will say on the Day of Resurrection: ‘O Adam!’ He will reply, ‘Here I am, our Lord, at Your service.’ Then it will be proclaimed in a voice: ‘Allah commands you to single out from your descendants a contingent for the Fire…’” Ibn Hajar observes in Fath al-Bari that Hafs b. Ghayath is not unique in transmitting the wording “in a voice,” for ʿAbd al-Rahman corroborates him.