Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

—for a while, and they allowed a word or two about this world to slip in. When they rose to leave, she said to her servant: “If that shaykh and his companions return, do not admit them, for I have seen that they are attached to the world.”

Abū Yasār Mismaʿ related: I came to see Rābiʿah and she said to me, “You found me while I was cooking rice, yet I preferred listening to your words over tending the rice. When I went back to the pot, it was already cooked.”

Ibn Abī al-Dunyā reported: Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥusayn told us; ʿUbays ibn Maymūn the perfumer told me; ʿAbdah bint Abī Shawwāl—who used to serve Rābiʿah al-ʿAdawiyyah—told me: “Rābiʿah would pray throughout the entire night. When dawn appeared she would lie down for a brief while, until the light of morning spread, and I would hear her say:
“O soul, how long will you sleep and how long will you rise? Soon you will sleep a sleep from which you will not awake until the Day of Resurrection.”

Jaʿfar ibn Sulaymān said: I entered with al-Thawrī to visit Rābiʿah. Sufyān exclaimed, “Alas for our grief!” She replied, “Do not lie—say rather, ‘How little is our grief!’”

Hammād narrated: I entered with Salām ibn Abī Muṭīʿ to see Rābiʿah, and Salām began speaking of worldly matters. She said, “One speaks only of something that is truly something; as for a thing that is no thing, then no.”

Shaybān ibn Farrūkh reported: Riyaḥ al-Qaysī told us: “I used to attend the lessons of Shumayṭ along with Rābiʿah. On one occasion she said, ‘Come here, lad,’ took my hand and supplicated to Allah. Suddenly there appeared a green jar filled with pure white honey. She said, ‘Eat, for by Allah, no bee has produced this.’ I was alarmed at what I saw; we rose and left it.”

Abū Saʿīd ibn al-Aʿrābī said: “As for Rābiʿah, people have transmitted from her a great deal of wisdom. Sufyān, Shuʿbah and others quoted her in ways that refute the accusations leveled against her, and she herself expressed it in these words:”—

سَاعَةً، وَذَكَرُوا شَيْئاً مِنَ الدُّنْيَا، فَلَمَّا قَامُوا، قَالَتْ لِخَادِمَتِهَا: إِذَا جَاءَ هَذَا الشَّيْخُ وَأَصْحَابُهُ، فَلاَ تَأْذَنِي لَهُم، فَإِنِّي رَأَيتُهُم يُحِبُّونَ الدُّنْيَا. وَعَنْ أَبِي يَسَارٍ مِسْمَعٍ، قَالَ: أَتَيْتُ رَابِعَةَ، فَقَالَتْ: جِئْتَنِي وَأَنَا أَطبُخُ أَرْزاً، فَآثَرتُ حَدِيْثَكَ عَلَى طَبِيْخِ الأَرْزِ، فَرَجَعتْ إِلَى القِدْرِ وَقَدْ طُبِخَتْ. ابْنُ أَبِي الدُّنْيَا: حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بنُ الحُسَيْنِ، حَدَّثَنِي عُبَيْسُ بنُ مَيْمُوْنٍ العَطَّارُ، حَدَّثَتْنِي عَبْدَةُ بِنْتُ أَبِي شَوَّالٍ - وَكَانَتْ تَخْدُمُ رَابِعَةَ العَدَوِيَّةَ - قَالَتْ: كَانَتْ رَابِعَةُ تُصَلِّي اللَّيْلَ كُلَّهُ، فَإِذَا طَلَعَ الفَجْرُ، هَجَعَتْ هَجْعَةً حَتَّى يُسْفِرَ الفَجْرُ، فَكُنْتُ أَسْمَعُهَا تَقُوْلُ: يَا نَفْسُ كَمْ تَنَامِيْنَ، وَإِلَى كَمْ تَقُوْمِيْنَ، يُوْشِكُ أَنْ تَنَامِي نَوْمَةً لاَ تَقُوْمِيْنَ مِنْهَا إِلاَّ لِيَوْمِ النُّشُورِ. قَالَ جَعْفَرُ بنُ سُلَيْمَانَ: دَخَلْتُ مَعَ الثَّوْرِيِّ عَلَى رَابِعَةَ، فَقَالَ سُفْيَانُ: وَاحُزْنَاهُ! فَقَالَتْ: لاَ تَكْذِبْ، قُلْ: وَاقِلَّةَ حُزْنَاهُ! وَعَنْ حَمَّادٍ، قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ أَنَا وَسَلاَّمُ بنُ أَبِي مُطِيْعٍ عَلَى رَابِعَةَ، فَأَخَذَ سَلاَّمٌ فِي ذِكْرِ الدُّنْيَا، فَقَالَتْ: إِنَّمَا يُذكَرُ شَيْءٌ هُوَ شَيْءٌ، أَمَّا شَيْءٌ لَيْسَ بِشَيْءٍ، فَلاَ. شَيْبَانُ بنُ فَرُّوْخٍ: حَدَّثَنَا رِيَاحٌ القَيْسِيُّ، قَالَ: كُنْتُ اخْتَلَفتُ إِلَى شُمَيْطٍ أَنَا وَرَابِعَةُ، فَقَالَتْ مَرَّةً: تَعَالَ يَا غُلاَمُ. وَأَخَذَتْ بِيَدِي، وَدَعَتِ اللهَ، فَإِذَا جَرَّةٌ خَضْرَاءُ مَمْلُوْءةٌ عَسَلاً أَبْيَضَ، فَقَالَتْ: كُلْ، فَهَذَا -وَاللهِ- لَمْ تَحْوِهِ بُطُوْنُ النَّحْلِ. فَفَزِعتُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ، وَقُمنَا، وَتَرَكْنَاهُ. قَالَ أَبُو سَعِيْدٍ بنُ الأَعْرَابِيِّ: أَمَّا رَابِعَةُ، فَقَدْ حَمَلَ النَّاسُ عَنْهَا حِكْمَةً كَثِيْرَةً، وَحَكَى عَنْهَا: سُفْيَانُ، وَشُعْبَةُ، وَغَيْرُهُمَا مَا يَدُلُّ عَلَى بُطْلاَنِ مَا قِيْلَ عَنْهَا، وَقَدْ تَمَثَّلَتْهُ بِهَذَا:

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