Siyar Aʿlām al-Nubalāʾ - Shams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi - (سيرة 1/380)

Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

thirty rabbis. We shall meet at a neutral spot halfway between us, they will listen to you, and if they find you truthful and believe in you, we will likewise believe in you.” He then revealed their plot.

The next morning the Messenger of Allah ﷺ advanced against them with his detachments and laid them under siege. He said to them, “By Allah, you will not be secure with me unless you pledge a covenant.” They refused to give any pledge, so he fought them for the rest of that day.

He then marched with the detachments to Banū Qurayẓah, leaving Banū al-Naḍīr for the moment. He invited Qurayẓah to conclude a treaty with him; they accepted, and he withdrew.

After that he moved on Banū al-Naḍīr with the detachments again and fought them until they agreed to evacuation. Banū al-Naḍīr departed, carrying on their camels whatever possessions, doors, and beams they could load. Their date-groves became the exclusive property of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ—Allah had granted them to him—so he recited, “Whatever Allah has bestowed on His Messenger from them—you spurred neither horses nor camels to earn it” (Qur’an 59:6), meaning that it was taken without actual fighting. The Prophet allotted most of those lands to the Emigrants, distributing them among them, and set aside a share for two needy men of the Helpers. What remained became a ṣadaqah, a perpetual charity of the Messenger of Allah, which is still held by the descendants of Fāṭimah, may Allah be pleased with them.

Mūsā ibn ʿUqbah and Ibn Isḥāq held that the expedition against Banū al-Naḍīr occurred after the Battle of Uḥud, as did others. Ibn Luhayʿah also related this from Abū al-Aswad, from ʿUrwah. The wording transmitted by Mūsā and ʿUrwah is: “The Messenger of Allah ﷺ went to Banū al-Naḍīr seeking their assistance in paying the blood-money for two men of the Banū Kilāb.” They (the Jews), it is alleged, had secretly encouraged Quraysh when they camped at Uḥud to fight the Messenger of Allah, urging them to battle and pointing out his weak points. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ spoke to them about the blood-money for the two Kilābites

ثلاثون حبرا, حتى نلتقي بمكان المنصف، فيسمعوا منك، فإن صدقوا وآمنوا بك آمنا بك. فقص خبرهم. فلما كان الغد، غدا عليهم رسول الله ﷺ بالكتائب فحصرهم، فقال لهم: "إنكم والله لا تأمنون عندي إلا بعهد تعاهدوني عليه فأبوا أن يعطوه عهدا، فقاتلهم يومهم ذلك". ثم غدا على بني قريظة بالكتائب، وترك بني النضير، ودعاهم إلى أن يعاهدوه، فعاهدوه، فانصرف عنهم. وغدا إلى بني النضير بالكتائب، فقاتلهم حتى نزلوا على الجلاء. فجلت بنو النضير، واحتملوا ما أقلت الإبل من أمتعتهم وأبوابهم وخشبهم فكان نخل بني النضير لرسول الله ﷺ خاصة، أعطاه الله إياها، فقال: ﴿وَمَا أَفَاءَ اللَّهُ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ مِنْهُمْ فَمَا أَوْجَفْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ خَيْلٍ وَلا رِكَابٍ﴾ [الحشر: ٦] ، يقول: بغير قتال. فأعطى النبي ﷺ أكثرها المهاجرين وقسمها بينهم، وقسم منها لرجلين من الأنصار كانوا ذوي حاجة. وبقي منها صدقة رسول الله ﷺ التي في أيدي بني فاطمة، ﵂. وذهب موسى بن عقبة، وابن إسحاق إلى أن غزوة بني النضير كانت بعد أحد، وكذلك قال غيرهما. ورواه ابن لهيعة، عن أبي الأسود، عن عروة. وهذا حديث موسى وحديث عروة: إن رسول الله ﷺ خرج إلى بني النضير يستعينهم في عقل الكلابيين. وكانوا -يزعمون- قد دسوا إلى قريش حين نزلوا بأحد لقتال رسول الله ﷺ، فحضوهم على القتال ودلوهم على العورة. فلما كلمهم رسول الله ﷺ في عقل الكلابيين,