Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

When Ibn Luhayʿah passed away, al-Layth said, “He has left no equal behind.”

There is no doubt that Ibn Luhayʿah was, together with al-Layth, the leading scholar of Egypt—just as, in that same era, Imām Mālik was the scholar of Medina, al-Awzāʿī of greater Syria, Maʿmar of Yemen, Shuʿbah and al-Thawrī of Iraq, and Ibrāhīm ibn Ṭahmān of Khurasan. Yet Ibn Luhayʿah showed laxity in precision and transmitted aberrant reports, and so he was deemed unfit to serve as an independent authority for legal proof.

Some ḥuffāẓ still cite his hadiths, employing them for corroboration, comparative study, works on asceticism, and apocalyptic literature (1), but not in the core doctrinal texts (2).

Others go to extremes in weakening him, but he ought not to be discarded altogether; one should simply avoid those aberrant narrations, for the man himself was upright.

He briefly held the office of chief judge of the province during the reign of al-Manṣūr—less than a year—before being removed.

The compilers of the two Ṣaḥīḥs refrained from including his narrations, whereas Abū Dāwūd, al-Tirmidhī, and al-Qazwīnī did transmit from him. What reaches us from him through Ibn Wahb, al-Muqriʾ, and the early transmitters is of superior quality.

(1) Shawahid (corroborating reports) are hadiths transmitted with the same meaning through a different chain, from another Companion—for example: “This report has a shaahid narrated by so-and-so.” Iʿtibarat (comparative scrutiny) is when a researcher selects a hadith, traces all its chains, and checks whether another transmitter has related it verbatim or in meaning. Malahim are the reports dealing with the Prophet’s military expeditions (maghazi). (2) Ibn Kathir states in Al-Baʿith al-Hathith, 63-64: “In the field of shawahid and mutabaʿat (corroborating and parallel chains) one may accept a narrator whose weakness is slight, in a way that would not be tolerated in the primary evidences. The two Sahihs and other works contain such cases. For this reason, al-Darqutni often remarks about certain weak transmitters, ‘He is suitable for iʿtibar,’ or, ‘He is not suitable for iʿtibar.’” (3) ʿAbd al-Ghani b. Saʿid al-Azdi said: “If the three ʿAbd-Allahs relate a report from Ibn Luhayʿa, it is sound; they are ʿAbdullah b. al-Mubarak, ʿAbdullah b. Wahb, and ʿAbdullah b. Yazid al-Muqri.”
وَلَمَّا مَاتَ ابْنُ لَهِيْعَةَ، قَالَ اللَّيْثُ: مَا خَلَّفَ مِثْلَهُ. لاَ رَيْبَ أَنَّ ابْنَ لَهِيْعَةَ كَانَ عَالِمَ الدِّيَارِ المِصْرِيَّةِ، هُوَ وَاللَّيْثُ مَعاً، كَمَا كَانَ الإِمَامُ مَالِكٌ فِي ذَلِكَ العَصْرِ عَالِمَ المَدِيْنَةِ، وَالأَوْزَاعِيُّ عَالِمَ الشَّامِ، وَمَعْمَرٌ عَالِمَ اليَمَنِ، وَشُعْبَةُ وَالثَّوْرِيُّ عَالِمَا العِرَاقِ، وَإِبْرَاهِيْمُ بنُ طَهْمَانَ عَالِمَ خُرَاسَانَ، وَلَكِنَّ ابْنَ لَهِيْعَةَ تَهَاوَنَ بِالإِتْقَانِ، وَرَوَى مَنَاكِيْرَ، فَانْحَطَّ عَنْ رُتْبَةِ الاحْتِجَاجِ بِهِ عِنْدَهُم. وَبَعْضُ الحفَّاظِ يَرْوِي حَدِيْثَهُ، وَيَذكُرُهُ فِي الشَّوَاهِدِ وَالاعْتِبَارَاتِ، وَالزُّهْدِ، وَالمَلاَحمِ (١) ، لاَ فِي الأُصُولِ (٢) . وَبَعْضُهُم يُبَالِغُ فِي وَهْنِهِ، وَلاَ يَنْبَغِي إِهدَارُهُ، وَتُتَجَنَّبُ تِلْكَ المَنَاكِيْرُ، فَإِنَّهُ عَدْلٌ فِي نَفْسِهِ. وَقَدْ وَلِيَ قَضَاءَ الإِقْلِيْمِ فِي دَوْلَةِ المَنْصُوْرِ دُوْنَ السَّنَةِ، وَصُرِفَ. أَعرَضَ أَصْحَابُ الصِّحَاحِ عَنْ رِوَايَاتِهِ، وَأَخْرَجَ لَهُ: أَبُو دَاوُدَ، وَالتِّرْمِذِيُّ، وَالقَزْوِيْنِيُّ، وَمَا رَوَاهُ عَنْهُ ابْنُ وَهْبٍ وَالمُقْرِئُ وَالقُدَمَاءُ فَهُوَ أَجْوَدُ.
(١) الشواهد: أحاديث رويت بمعناها من طريق آخر، عن صحابي آخر، يقال: روى الحديث الفلاني، وله شاهد من رواية فلان. والاعتبارات: أن يعمد الباحث إلى حديث، فيعنى به، ويبحث عن طرقه، فينظر: هل رواه راو آخر بلفظه أو معناه، والملاحم: الأحاديث التي رويت في المغازي. (٢) قال الحافظ ابن كثير في " الباعث الحثيث " ٦٣، ٦٤: ويغتفر في باب " الشواهد والمتابعات " من الرواية عن الضعيف القريب الضعف ما لا يغتفر في الأصول كما يقع في " الصحيحين " وغيرهما مثل ذلك، ولهذا يقول الدارقطني في بعض الضعفاء: يصلح للاعتبار، أو لا يصلح أن يعتبر به. (٣) وقال عبد الغني بن سعيد الأزدي: إذا روى العبادلة عن ابن لهيعة، فهو صحيح: عبد الله بن المبارك، وعبد الله بن وهب، وعبد الله بن يزيد المقرئ.

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