Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

Al-Awzaʿī’s books at the time of the great tremor (1) filled thirteen qundāq (2). Later a man brought him their copies, saying, “Abū ʿAmr, here are the copies of your writings, with your own emendations in your own hand.” Yet he never so much as looked at a single one of them before he departed this world.

Bishr ibn Bakr al-Tinnīsī said: It was asked of al-Awzaʿī, “Abū ʿAmr, if a man hears a hadith from the Prophet ﷺ that contains faulty grammar, should he recite it in proper Arabic?” He replied, “Yes, for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ spoke only in pure Arabic.”

Al-Walīd ibn Muslim said: I heard al-Awzaʿī remark, “There is no harm in correcting slips of grammar and other mistakes in a hadith.” (3)

Mansūr ibn Abī Muzāḥim relates from Abū ʿUbayd Allah, the secretary of al-Manṣūr: “Letters from al-Awzaʿī would reach al-Manṣūr and leave us astonished; even his own secretaries were unable to match them. They would be copied into notebooks and placed before al-Manṣūr, who would pore over them repeatedly, admiring the elegance of their phrasing.

“He then said to Sulaymān ibn Mujālid—one of the scribes he held in highest favor—‘You should compose a complete reply to al-Awzaʿī’s letters.’

“Sulaymān answered, ‘By Allah, Commander of the Faithful, I am not equal to that task. All I can do is answer him in the limited way I know. His prose is such that I doubt anyone at all could match him in responding to it. In fact, I borrow his own expressions when writing to people in distant regions who are unfamiliar with them.’”

(1) Al-rajfa: a violent earthquake that struck Greater Syria in 130 AH, its epicenter being Jerusalem, where many inhabitants—Ansar and others—perished. Tarikh al-Islam, vol. 5, p. 39. (2) Al-qundaq: an accounting ledger or register; see Lisan al-Arab. (3) Cited by al-Ramahurmuzi in al-Muhaddith al-Fasil, p. 524. Al-Ilmaʿ, p. 185, quotes al-Awzaʿi: “Parse (iʿrab) the hadith correctly, for the original transmitters were Arabs.” Al-Muhaddith al-Fasil, p. 526, reports al-Maimuni: “I saw Ahmad ibn Hanbal correcting grammatical errors in his manuscript.” It likewise relates from al-Hasan ibn Muhammad al-Zaʿfarani that, when asked whether one should correct a hadith recited with faulty grammar, he replied, “Yes.” Al-Asmaʿi said: “What I fear most for a student of knowledge who does not know nahw (Arabic grammar) is that he may fall under the Prophet’s warning, ‘Whoever intentionally lies about me, let him take his seat in the Fire,’ for the Prophet never spoke ungrammatically; therefore, whenever you narrate from him with faulty grammar you have lied about him.” The report is also recorded by Qadi ʿIyad in al-Ilmaʿ, p. 184, and by al-Sanʿani in Tawdih al-Afkar, vol. 2, p. 294.
كُتُبُ الأَوْزَاعِيِّ زَمَنَ الرَّجْفَةِ (١) ثَلاَثَةَ عَشَرَ قُنْدَاقاً (٢) ، فَأَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ بِنُسَخِهَا، فَقَالَ: يَا أَبَا عَمْرٍو! هَذِهِ نُسْخَةُ كِتَابِكَ، وَإِصلاَحُكَ بِيَدِكَ. فَمَا عَرَضَ لِشَيْءٍ مِنْهَا حَتَّى فَارَقَ الدُّنْيَا. وَقَالَ بِشْرُ بنُ بَكْرٍ التِّنِّيْسِيُّ: قِيْلَ لِلأَوْزَاعِيِّ: يَا أَبَا عَمْرٍو! الرَّجُلُ يَسْمَعُ الحَدِيْثَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِيْهِ لَحْنٌ، أَيُقِيْمُهُ عَلَى عَرَبِيَّتِهِ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، إِنَّ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ لاَ يَتَكَلَّمُ إِلاَّ بِعَرَبِيٍّ. قَالَ الوَلِيْدُ بنُ مُسْلِمٍ: سَمِعْتُ الأَوْزَاعِيَّ يَقُوْلُ: لاَ بَأْسَ بِإِصلاَحِ اللَّحْنِ وَالخَطَأِ فِي الحَدِيْثِ (٣) . مَنْصُوْرُ بنُ أَبِي مُزَاحِمٍ: عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدِ اللهِ كَاتِبِ المَنْصُوْرِ، قَالَ: كَانَتْ تَرِدُ عَلَى المَنْصُوْرِ كُتُبٌ مِنَ الأَوْزَاعِيِّ، نَتَعَجَّبُ مِنْهَا، وَيَعْجَزُ كُتَّابُهُ عَنْهَا، فَكَانَتْ تُنسَخُ فِي دَفَاتِرَ، وَتُوضَعُ بَيْنَ يَدَي المَنْصُوْرِ، فَيُكْثِرُ النَّظَرَ فِيْهَا اسْتِحْسَاناً لأَلفَاظِهَا. فَقَالَ لِسُلَيْمَانَ بنِ مُجَالِدٍ - وَكَانَ مِنْ أَحظَى كُتَّابِهِ عِنْدَهُ -: يَنْبَغِي أَنْ تُجِيْبَ الأَوْزَاعِيَّ عَنْ كُتُبِهِ جَوَاباً تَامّاً. قَالَ: وَاللهِ يَا أَمِيْرَ المُؤْمِنِيْنَ! مَا أُحْسِنُ ذَلِكَ، وَإِنَّمَا أَرُدُّ عَلَيْهِ مَا أُحسِنُ، وَإِنَّ لَهُ نَظماً فِي الكُتُبِ، لاَ أَظُنُّ أَحَداً مِنْ جَمِيْعِ النَّاسِ يَقدِرُ عَلَى إِجَابَتِهِ عَنْهُ، وَأَنَا أَسْتَعِيْنُ بِأَلفَاظِهِ عَلَى مَنْ لاَ يَعرِفُهَا مِمَّنْ نُكَاتِبُهُ فِي الآفَاقِ.
(١) الرجفة: زلزلة عظيمة أصابت الشام سنة (١٣٠ هـ) ، وكان أكثرها ببيت المقدس، فهلك كثير ممن كان فيها من الانصار وغيرهم. " تاريخ الإسلام ": ٥ / ٣٩. (٢) القنداق: صحيفة الحساب. كما في " لسان العرب ". (٣) ذكره الرامهرمزي في " المحدث الفاصل ": ٥٢٤ عنه. وفي " الالماع ": ١٨٥، عن الاوزاعي: أعربوا الحديث فإن القوم كانوا عربا. وفي " المحدث الفاصل ": ٥٢٦، عن الميموني، قال: رأيت أحمد بن حنبل يغير اللحن في كتابه. وفيه أيضا عن الحسن بن محمد الزعفراني، وقد سئل عن الرجل يسمع الحديث ملحونا أيعر به؟ قال: نعم. وعن الاصمعي: إن أخوف ما أخاف على طالب العلم إذا لم يعرف النحو أن يدخل في جملة قول النبي ﷺ: " من كذب علي فليتبوأ مقعده من النار " لأنه لم يكن يلحن، فمهما رويت عنه ولحنت فيه كذبت عليه. ذكره القاضي عياض في " الالماع ": ١٨٤، والصنعاني في " توضيح الافكار ": ٢ / ٢٩٤.

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