Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

I have already given his full biography in History of Islam. Al-Manṣūr composed an elegy for him, and he authored the works al-ʿAdl (Justice), al-Tawḥīd (Monotheism), and al-Radd ʿalā al-Qadariyya (Refutation of the Qadariyya), by which he meant to champion the Sunnah.
Among the students named in his register are ʿUthmān ibn Khālid al-Ṭawīl—the shaykh of al-ʿAllāf—and Abū Ḥafṣ ʿUmar ibn Abī ʿUthmān al-Shimmazī.

28 – Dāwūd ibn al-Ḥuṣayn, Abū Sulaymān al-Umawī * (ʿA)
A jurist, the Umayyads’ client, from Medina.

He narrated from his father, from ʿIkrima, al-Aʿraj, and Abū Sufyān, the client of Ibn Abī Aḥmad.
Those who reported from him include Ibn Isḥāq, Mālik, Muḥammad ibn Jaʿfar ibn Abī Kathīr, Ibrāhīm ibn Abī Ḥabība, and several others.

Yaḥyā ibn Maʿīn graded him reliable without reservation, and al-Nasāʾī and others said, “There is nothing wrong with him.” Ibn ʿUyayna remarked, “We used to avoid his narrations,” while Ibn al-Madīnī said, “Whatever he relates from ʿIkrima is objectionable.” Abū Zurʿa judged him weak, and Abū Ḥātim said, “Had Mālik not transmitted from him, his hadith would have been abandoned.” Abū Dāwūd observed, “His reports from ʿIkrima are anomalous,” and Ibn Ḥibbān wrote that he held the view of khurūj—rebellion against the ruler. Al-Tirmidhī also criticized his retention (1).

I say: ʿIkrima stayed in Dāwūd’s house and died there.

(*) Khalifa, Tabaqat, p. 259; idem, Tarikh, p. 411; al-Bukhari, Tarikh, 3:231; Ibn Abi Hatim, al-Jarh wa al-Ta‘dil, 3:408-409; al-Mizzi, Tahdhib al-Kamal, p. 384; al-Dhahabi, Mizan al-I‘tidal, 2:5-6; idem, al-Ibar, 1:182; Ibn Hajar, Tahdhib al-Tahdhib, 3:181-182; Ibn al-Imad, Shadharat al-Dhahab, 1:192; Ibn Hajar, Khulasat Tadhhib al-Kamal, p. 109. (1) The most balanced judgment is that he is trustworthy, except in his narrations from Ikrima.
قَدِ اسْتَوْفَيتُ تَرجَمَتَهُ فِي (تَارِيْخِ الإِسْلاَمِ) . وَقَدْ رَثَاهُ المَنْصُوْرُ، وَلَهُ كِتَابُ (العَدْلِ) ، (وَالتَّوْحِيْدِ) ، وَكِتَابُ (الرَّدِّ عَلَى القَدَرِيَّةِ) ، يُرِيْد السُّنَّةَ. وَمِنْ كتَابِ تَلاَمِذَتِهِ: عُثْمَانُ بنُ خَالِدٍ الطَّوِيْلُ شَيْخُ العَلاَّفِ، وَأَبُو حَفْصٍ عُمَرُ بنُ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ الشِّمَّزِيُّ. ٢٨ - دَاوُدُ بنُ الحُصَيْنِ أَبُو سُلَيْمَانَ الأُمَوِيُّ * (ع) الفَقِيْهُ، أَبُو سُلَيْمَانَ الأُمَوِيُّ مَوْلاَهُم، المَدَنِيُّ. حَدَّثَ عَنْ: أَبِيْهِ، وَعِكْرِمَةَ، وَالأَعْرَجِ، وَأَبِي سُفْيَانَ مَوْلَى ابْنِ أَبِي أَحْمَدَ. حَدَّثَ عَنْهُ: ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، وَمَالِكٌ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بنُ جَعْفَرِ بنِ أَبِي كَثِيْرٍ، وَإِبْرَاهِيْمُ بنُ أَبِي حَبِيْبَةَ، وَعِدَّةٌ. وَثَّقَهُ: يَحْيَى بنُ مَعِيْنٍ مُطْلَقاً. وَقَالَ النَّسَائِيُّ، وَغَيْرُهُ: لَيْسَ بِهِ بَأْسٌ. وَقَالَ ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ: كُنَّا نَتَّقِي حَدِيْثَهُ. وَقَالَ ابْنُ المَدِيْنِيِّ: مَا رَوَى عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، فَمُنْكَرٌ. وَقَالَ أَبُو زُرْعَةَ: لَيِّنٌ. وَقَالَ أَبُو حَاتِمٍ: لَوْلاَ أَنَّ مَالِكاً رَوَى عَنْهُ، لَتُرِكَ حَدِيْثُهُ. وَقَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ: أَحَادِيْثُهُ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ مَنَاكِيْرُ. وَقَالَ ابْنُ حِبَّانَ: كَانَ يَرَى الخُرُوْجَ. وَتَكَلَّم التِّرْمِذِيُّ فِي حِفْظِهِ (١) . قُلْتُ: نَزَلَ عِكْرِمَةُ فِي بَيْتِ دَاوُدَ، وَتُوُفِّيَ عِنْدَه.
(*) طبقات خليفة (٢٥٩ تاريخ خليفة (٤١١) ، تاريخ البخاري ٣ / ٢٣١، الجرح والتعديل ٣ / ٤٠٨ - ٤٠٩، تهذيب الكمال: ٣٨٤) ، ميزان الاعتدال ٢ / ٥ - ٦، العبر ١ / ١٨٢، تهذيب التهذيب ٣ / ١٨١، ١٨٢، شذرات الذهب ١ / ١٩٢، خلاصة تذهيب الكمال ١٠٩. (١) وتمحيص القول فيه: أنه ثقة إلا في روايته عن عكرمة.

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