Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

had fought him, then overpowered him; one day he was brought before Marwān, who drew him close, wrapped a kerchief round his own finger, and pressed it into his eye until it burst. He then did the same to the other eye. Yet Yazīd did not utter a word; he bore it with patience—may Allah grant us well-being.

It is also said that Marwān al-Ḥimār’s mother was a Kurdish woman named Lubābah, formerly a slave-girl of Ibrāhīm ibn al-Ashṭar. Muḥammad captured her from Ibrāhīm’s camp, and she bore him Marwān, Manṣūr, and ʿAbd Allāh.

When Marwān was slain, his sons ʿAbd Allāh and ʿUbayd Allāh fled to Abyssinia. The Abyssinians killed ʿUbayd Allāh, while ʿAbd Allāh escaped; after some time al-Manṣūr captured him and imprisoned him.

18 – al-Saffāḥ ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī al-ʿAbbāsī

The Caliph, Abū al-ʿAbbās ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī, grandson of the scholar of the ummah ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbbās ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib ibn Hāshim ibn ʿAbd Manāf—the Qurashī, Hāshimite, ʿAbbāsid—was the first caliph from the House of al-ʿAbbās.

He was a young man, handsome and imposing: fair-skinned, tall, and dignified.

Al-Saffāḥ and his household fled from the army of Marwān al-Ḥimār and reached Kūfa when their situation in Khurāsān became desperate. He received the oath of allegiance on the third of Rabīʿ al-Awwal in 132 AH. He then dispatched his uncle ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAlī with an army, and he and Marwān al-Ḥimār met at Kushāf. A mighty engagement ensued, after which Marwān’s forces were broken and his fortunes eclipsed.

Yet al-Saffāḥ’s days were few: he died in Dhū al-Ḥijjah 136 AH, having lived, according to one report, twenty-eight years.

(*) Khalifa ibn Khayyat, Tarikh, pp. 409, 415; al-Tabari, Tarikh, vol. 7, p. 421 ff.; al-Khatib al-Baghdadi, Tarikh Baghdad, vol. 10, p. 53; Ibn al-Athir, al-Kamil, vol. 5, p. 408; Ibn Shakir al-Kutubi, Fawat al-Wafayat, vol. 2, pp. 215–216; Ibn Kathir, al-Bidaya wa-l-nihaya, vol. 10, pp. 52, 58; Ibn al-Imad, Shadharat al-Dhahab, vol. 1, pp. 183, 195.
قَاتَلَهُ، ثُمَّ ظَفِرَ بِهِ، فَأُدخِلَ عَلَيْهِ يَوْماً، فَاسْتَدْنَاهُ، وَلفَّ عَلَى إِصْبعِهِ مِندِيلاً، وَرصَّ عَيْنَهُ حَتَّى سَالتْ، ثُمَّ فَعَلَ كَذَلِكَ بِعَيْنِهِ الأُخْرَى، وَمَا نَطقَ يَزِيْدُ، بَلْ صَبَرَ - نَسْأَلُ اللهَ العَافِيَةَ -. وَقِيْلَ: إِنَّ أُمَّ مَرْوَانَ الحِمَارَ كُرْدِيَّةٌ، يُقَالَ لَهَا: لُبَابَةُ جَارِيَةُ إِبْرَاهِيْمَ بنِ الأَشْتَرِ، أَخَذَهَا مُحَمَّدٌ مِنْ عَسْكَرِ إِبْرَاهِيْمَ، فَوَلَدَتْ لَهُ: مَرْوَانَ، وَمَنْصُوْراً، وَعَبْدَ اللهِ. وَلَمَّا قُتِلَ مَرْوَانُ، هَرَبَ ابْنَاهُ عَبْدُ اللهِ وَعُبَيْدُ اللهِ إِلَى الحَبَشَةِ، فَقَتَلَتِ الحَبَشَةُ عُبَيْدَ اللهِ، وَهَرَبَ عَبْدُ اللهِ، ثُمَّ بَعْدَ مُدَّةٍ ظَفِرَ بِهِ المَنْصُوْرُ، فَاعْتَقَلَهُ. ١٨ - السَّفَّاحُ عَبْدُ اللهِ بنُ مُحَمَّدِ بنِ عَلِيٍّ العَبَّاسِيُّ * الخَلِيْفَةُ، أَبُو العَبَّاسِ عَبْدُ اللهِ بنُ مُحَمَّدِ بنِ عَلِيِّ ابْنِ حَبْرِ الأُمَّةِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بنِ عَبَّاسِ بنِ عَبْدِ المُطَّلِبِ بنِ هَاشِمِ بنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ القُرَشِيُّ، الهَاشِمِيُّ، العَبَّاسِيُّ، أَوَّلُ الخُلَفَاءِ مِنْ بَنِي العَبَّاسِ. كَانَ شَابّاً، مَلِيْحاً، مَهِيْباً، أَبْيَضَ، طَوِيْلاً، وَقُوْراً. هَربَ السَّفَّاحُ وَأَهْلُه مِنْ جَيْشِ مَرْوَانَ الحِمَارِ، وَأَتَوُا الكُوْفَةَ لَمَّا اسْتفحَلَ لَهُمُ الأَمْرُ بِخُرَاسَانَ. ثُمَّ بُوْيِعَ فِي ثَالِثِ رَبِيْعٍ الأَوَّلِ، سَنَةَ اثْنَتَيْنِ وَثَلاَثِيْنَ وَمائَةٍ، ثُمَّ جَهَّزَ عَمَّهُ عَبْدَ اللهِ بنَ عَلِيٍّ فِي الجَيْشِ، فَالْتَقَى هُوَ وَمَرْوَانُ الحِمَارُ عَلَى كُشَافٍ، فَكَانَتْ وَقْعَةً عَظِيْمَةً، ثُمَّ تَفلَّلَ جَمْعُ مَرْوَانَ، وَانطوَتْ سَعَادتُهُ. وَلكن لَمْ تَطُلْ أَيَّامُ السَّفَّاحِ، وَمَاتَ فِي ذِي الحِجَّةِ، سَنَةَ سِتٍّ وَثَلاَثِيْنَ وَمائَةٍ، وَعَاشَ: ثَمَانِياً وَعِشْرِيْنَ سَنَةً، فِي قَوْلٍ.
(*) تاريخ خليفة ٤٠٩، ٤١٥، الطبري ٧ / ٤٢١ وما بعدها، تاريخ بغداد ١٠ / ٥٣، ابن الأثير ٥ / ٤٠٨، فوات الوفيات ٢ / ٢١٥ - ٢١٦، البداية ١٠ / ٥٢ و٥٨، شذرات الذهب ١ / ١٨٣، ١٩٥.

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