Siyar Aʿlām al-Nubalāʾ - Shams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi - (6/10)

Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

Rishdīn ibn Saʿd said, “al-Ḥajjāj ibn Shaddād narrated to us: he heard ʿUbayd Allāh ibn Abī Jaʿfar—who was counted among the sages—say:
‘If a person is speaking in a gathering and finds himself impressed by his own speech, let him fall silent; but if he is silent and becomes pleased with his silence, let him speak.’

Ibn Luhayʿah stated: ʿUbayd Allāh ibn Abī Jaʿfar was born in the year 60 AH; he was from the captives taken in Tripoli of the Maghrib.

Another authority said: He died at the rise of “the black-clad”—that is, the Banū al-ʿAbbās—in the month of Dhū al-Ḥijjah, in the year 132 AH. Abū ʿAwn ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Yazīd, the governor of Egypt, led the funeral prayer over him.

Khalīfah said: He died in 134 AH.

It was also said: in 135 or 136 AH.

Abū Saʿīd ibn Yūnus said: He passed away in 136 AH.

Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal once remarked, “He is not strong,” and he deemed objectionable his transmission of an authenticated report found in the Two Ṣaḥīḥs regarding the statement: “Whoever dies while liable for fasting, his heir should fast on his behalf.” (1)

5 – Mughīrah ibn Miqsam, Abū Hishām al-Ḍabbī, their freedman * (ʿA)
The imām, the erudite scholar, the trustworthy authority, Abū Hishām al-Ḍabbī, their freedman,

(1) Reported by al-Bukhari, 4/168, Book of Fasting, Chapter: “Whoever dies while owing fasts”; by Muslim, no. 1147, Book of Fasting, Chapter: “Making up fasts on behalf of the deceased”; and by Abu Dawud, no. 2400, Book of Fasting, Chapter: “One who dies while owing fasts.” (*) Sources on the narrator: Khalifa, Tabaqat, p. 165; al-Bukhari, Tarikh, 4/322; al-Tarikh al-Saghir, 2/28; Ibn Abi Hatim, al-Jarh wa-l-Taʿdil, 8/228-229; al-Mizzi, Tahdhib al-Kamal, no. 1365; al-Dhahabi, Tadhkirat al-Huffaz, 1/143; Ibn Hajar, Tahdhib al-Tahdhib, 10/269; Shadharat al-Dhahab, 1/191; Khulasat Tadhhib al-Kamal, p. 385; Ibn Hajar, Introduction to Fath al-Bari, p. 445. These works agree on his reliability. Ahmad ibn Hanbal, however, judged his transmission specifically from Ibrahim al-Nakhai to be weak, saying that he engaged in tadlis and had in fact only heard the report from Hammad. Ibn Hajar observes: “Al-Bukhari did not narrate from him on the authority of Ibrahim except reports that have corroborating chains.” Nevertheless, the leading hadith authorities accepted him as a sound transmitter.

قَالَ رِشْدِيْنُ بنُ سَعْدٍ: حَدَّثَنَا الحَجَّاجُ بنُ شَدَّادٍ: سَمِعَ عُبَيْدَ اللهِ بنَ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ - وَكَانَ أَحَدَ الحُكَمَاءِ - قَالَ: إِذَا كَانَ المَرْءُ يُحَدِّثُ فِي مَجْلِسٍ، فَأَعْجَبَه الحَدِيْثُ، فَلْيُمْسِكْ، وَإِذَا كَانَ سَاكِتاً، فَأَعْجَبَه السُّكُوتُ، فَلْيَتَحَدَّثْ. قَالَ ابْنُ لَهِيْعَةَ: وُلدَ ابْنُ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ سَنَةَ سِتِّيْنَ، وَهُوَ مِنْ سَبْيِ طَرَابُلُسَ المَغْرِبِ. وَقَالَ غَيْرُهُ: تُوُفِّيَ مَدْخَلَ المُسَوَّدَةِ -يَعْنِي: بَنِي العَبَّاسِ- فِي ذِي الحِجَّةِ، سَنَةَ اثْنَتَيْنِ وَثَلاَثِيْنَ وَمائَةٍ، وَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ: أَبُو عَوْنٍ عَبْدُ المَلِكِ بنُ يَزِيْدَ أَمِيْرُ مِصْرَ. وَقَالَ خَلِيْفَةُ: مَاتَ سنَةَ أَرْبَعٍ وَثَلاَثِيْنَ. وَقِيْلَ: سَنَةَ خَمْسٍ أَوْ سِتٍّ. وَقَالَ أَبُو سَعِيْدٍ بنُ يُوْنُسَ: تُوُفِّيَ سَنَةَ سِتٍّ وَثَلاَثِيْنَ وَمائَةٍ. وَقَدْ قَالَ أَحْمَدُ بنُ حَنْبَلٍ مَرَّةً: لَيْسَ بِالقَوِيِّ، وَاسْتَنكَرَ لَهُ حَدِيْثاً ثَابِتاً فِي (الصَّحِيْحَيْنِ) ، فِي: (مَنْ مَاتَ وَعَلَيْهِ صَوْمٌ، صَامَ عَنْهُ وَلِيُّهُ) (١) . ٥ - مُغِيْرَةُ بنُ مِقْسَمٍ أَبُو هِشَامٍ الضَّبِّيُّ مَوْلاَهُم * (ع) الإِمَامُ، العَلاَّمَةُ، الثِّقَةُ، أَبُو هِشَامٍ الضَّبِّيُّ مَوْلاَهُم،

(١) رواه البخاري ٤ / ١٦٨ في الصوم: باب من مات وعليه صوم، ومسلم رقم (١١٤٧) في الصوم: باب قضاء الصيام عن الميت، وأبو داود رقم (٢٤٠٠) في الصوم: باب فيمن مات وعليه صوم. (*) طبقات خليفة: ١٦٥، تاريخ البخاري ٤ / ٣٢٢، التاريخ الصغير: ٢ / ٢٨، الجرح والتعديل ٨ / ٢٢٨ - ٢٢٩، تهذيب الكمال ١٣٦٥، تذكرة الحفاظ ١ / ١٤٣، تهذيب التهذيب ١٠ / ٢٦٩، شذرات الذهب ١ / ١٩١ خلاصة تذهيب الكمال ٣٨٥، مقدمة فتح الباري (٤٤٥) ، وفيها متفق على توثيقه. لكن ضعف أحمد بن حنبل روايته عن إبراهيم النخعي خاصة. قال: كان يدلسها وإنما سمعها من حماد. قال الحافظ: قلت: ما أخرج له البخاري عن إبراهيم إلا ما توبع عليه. واحتج به الأئمة.