Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

ʿAlī ibn al-Madīnī said: “Among al-Shaʿbī’s pupils the foremost is Abū Ḥaṣīn, then Ismāʿīl, then Dāwūd ibn Abī Hind. After them come al-Shaybānī, Muṭarrif, and Bayān in one tier, with al-Shaybānī standing highest among them. Mughīrah was also one of al-Shaʿbī’s companions; he reported from him and did so with excellence. Zakariyyā ibn Abī Zāʾidah and ʿAbd Allāh ibn Abī al-Safar form another tier, while Mālik ibn Mighwal, Abū Ḥayyān al-Taymī, and Ibn Abjar belong to a further tier. Ashʿath ibn Sawwār ranks above Jābir and Ibn Sālim; Mujālid is superior to Ashʿath, and both are above Ajlaḥ al-Kindī.

Abū Muʿāwiyah related from al-Aʿmash, who said: “Abū Ḥaṣīn listens to me, then goes off and transmits what he has heard.”

Yaḥyā ibn Ādam reported from Abū Bakr ibn ʿAyyāsh: “I heard Abū Ḥaṣīn say, ‘We had never heard the hadith, “For whomever I am his mawla (1),” until this man came from Khurāsān and trumpeted it—meaning Abū Isḥāq—and some people followed him in that.’”

I say: The hadith is unquestionably authentic, but Abū Ḥaṣīn inclined toward ʿUthmān, a stance seldom found in a Kufan.

Muḥammad ibn ʿImrān al-Akhnasī narrated from Abū Bakr ibn ʿAyyāsh: “I entered upon Abū Ḥaṣīn while he was in hiding from the Umayyads. He said, ‘These people—meaning the Banū Umayyah—want to coerce me concerning my religion. By Allah, I shall never surrender it to them.’”

Al-Shaybānī said: “Al-Shaʿbī entered the mosque with me and said, ‘Look—do you see Abū Ḥaṣīn so that we may sit with him?’”

Ibn ʿUyaynah said: “A man told me that when al-Shaʿbī was on his death-bed he was asked, ‘Whom do you command us to follow?’ He replied, ‘I am no scholar, nor do I leave behind any scholar; yet Abū Ḥaṣīn is a righteous man.’”

(1) The complete wording is: “Whoever I am his mawla (protector), Ali is his mawla.” This hadith is sound and well-established, as the author affirms. It is recorded by al-Tirmidhi (no. 3713) and by Ahmad, 4:370, 372, through the narration of Zayd ibn Arqam with an authentic chain; al-Tirmidhi grades it hasan sahih. It is also reported by Ahmad, 4:281, and Ibn Majah (no. 121) on the authority of al-Baraʾ; the transmitters in Ibn Majah’s chain are reliable. Ahmad further relates it in 5:358 from Buraydah with the wording “Whoever I am his wali (protector), Ali is his wali,” and its narrators are trustworthy.
وَقَالَ عَلِيُّ بنُ المَدِيْنِيِّ: أَصْحَابُ الشَّعْبِيِّ: أَبُو حَصِيْنٍ، ثُمَّ إِسْمَاعِيْلُ، ثُمَّ دَاوُدُ بنُ أَبِي هِنْدٍ، ثُمَّ الشَّيْبَانِيُّ وَمُطَرِّفٌ وَبَيَانٌ طَبَقَةٌ، الشَّيْبَانِيُّ أَعْلاَهم، وَمُغِيْرَةُ كَانَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، رَوَى عَنْهُ، فَأَجَادَ، وَزَكَرِيَّا بنُ أَبِي زَائِدَةَ وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بنُ أَبِي السَّفَرِ طَبَقَةٌ، وَمَالِكُ بنُ مِغْوَلٍ وَأَبُو حَيَّانَ التَّيْمِيُّ وَابْنُ أَبْجَرَ طَبَقَةٌ، وَأَشْعَثُ بنُ سَوَّارٍ فَوْقَ جَابِرٍ وَابْنِ سَالِمٍ، وَمُجَالِدٌ فَوْقَ أَشْعَثَ، وَفَوْقَ أَجْلَحَ الكِنْدِيِّ. رَوَى: أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، قَالَ: أَبُو حَصِيْنٍ يَسْمَعُ مِنِّي، ثُمَّ يَذْهَبُ فَيَروِيهِ. يَحْيَى بنُ آدَمَ: عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ بنِ عَيَّاشٍ، سَمِعْتُ أَبَا حَصِيْنٍ، قَالَ: مَا سَمِعْنَا بِحَدِيْثِ: (مَنْ كُنْتُ مَوْلاَهُ (١)) ، حَتَّى جَاءَ هَذَا مِنْ خُرَاسَانَ، فَنَعَقَ بِهِ -يَعْنِي: أَبَا إِسْحَاقَ- فَاتَّبَعَه عَلَى ذَلِكَ نَاسٌ. قُلْتُ: الحَدِيْثُ ثَابِتٌ بِلاَ رَيْبٍ، وَلَكِنْ أَبُو حَصِيْنٍ عُثْمَانِيٌّ، وَهَذَا نَادِرٌ فِي رَجُلٍ كُوْفِيٍّ. وَرَوَى: مُحَمَّدُ بنُ عِمْرَانَ الأَخْنَسِيُّ، عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ بنِ عَيَّاشٍ، قَالَ: دَخَلتُ عَلَى أَبِي حَصِيْنٍ وَهُوَ مُختَفٍ مِنْ بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ، فَقَالَ: إِنَّ هَؤُلاَءِ -يَعْنِي: بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ- يُرِيْدُوْنِي عَلَى دِيْنِي، وَاللهِ لاَ أُعْطِيْهِم إِيَّاهُ أَبَداً. وَقَالَ الشَّيْبَانِيُّ: قَالَ لِي الشَّعْبِيُّ - وَدَخَلتُ مَعَهُ المَسْجِدَ -: انْظُرْ، هَلْ تَرَى أَبَا حَصِيْنٍ نَجلِسْ إِلَيْهِ؟ قَالَ ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ: حَدَّثَنِي رَجُلٌ، قَالَ: سُئِلَ الشَّعْبِيُّ لَمَّا حَضَرتْهُ الوَفَاةُ: بِمَنْ تَأمُرُنَا؟ قَالَ: مَا أَنَا بِعَالِمٍ، وَلاَ أَترُكُ عَالِماً، وَإِنَّ أَبَا حَصِيْنٍ رَجُلٌ صَالِحٌ.
(١) ولفظه بتمامه " من كنت مولاه، فعلي مولاه " وهو حديث صحيح ثابت كما قال المؤلف ﵀، فقد أخرجه الترمذي (٣٧١٣) وأحمد ٤ / ٣٧٠ و٣٧٢ من حديث زيد بن أرقم، وسنده صحيح، وقال الترمذي: حسن صحيح، وأخرجه أحمد ٤ / ٢٨١، وابن ماجه (١٢١) من حديث البراء، ورجال إسناد ابن ماجه، ثقات، وأخرجه أحمد ٥ / ٣٥٨ من حديث بريدة بلفظ " من كنت وليه، فعلي وليه " ورجاله ثقات.

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