Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

Abū Mushir narrated—on the authority of a shaykh from the Ḥakam tribe—that al-Jarrāḥ al-Ḥakamī said: “For forty years I abandoned sins out of shame; thereafter, piety overtook me.”

Shabbāb remarked: “He was a Damascene who later resided in Basra and Kūfa, and he was one of the Qur’an reciters.”

Al-Walīd ibn Muslim said: “Whenever he walked through the Great Mosque of Damascus, he had to incline his head away from the lamps because of his height.”

Mujālid related: “When Yazīd ibn al-Muhallab was appointed over Iraq and then departed for Khurāsān, he left al-Jarrāḥ in his place as governor of Iraq.”

Al-Ḥasan al-Zurqī stated: “Al-Jarrāḥ ibn ʿAbd Allāh had command of the whole of Khurāsān—its warfare, its stipends, and its finances.”

Ibn Jābir said: “In 112 AH al-Jarrāḥ campaigned against the Turkish lands and returned, but the Turks caught up with him and killed him along with his companions.”

Abū Sufyān al-Ḥimyarī said: “Al-Jarrāḥ was in charge of Armenia and was a righteous man. The Khazars (1) killed him, and the people in every province were shaken by his death.”

Sulaym ibn ʿĀmir recounted: “I entered upon al-Jarrāḥ; he raised his hands, so the commanders raised theirs. He kept them aloft for a long time, then said to me, ‘Abū Yaḥyā, do you know what we were engaged in?’ I replied, ‘No; I saw you earnestly supplicating, so I raised my hands with you.’ He said, ‘We were asking Allah for martyrdom. By Allah, not one of them lived on after that expedition without attaining martyrdom.’”

Khalīfah reported: “In 112 AH al-Jarrāḥ marched from Bardhaʿa (2) against Ibn Khāqān. They fought a fierce battle, and al-Jarrāḥ was killed during Ramadan. The Khazars then overran Azerbaijan and advanced to the vicinity of Mosul (3).”

Al-Wāqidī said: “The calamity that befell the Muslims through al-Jarrāḥ’s death was enormous; soldiers in every army wept for him.”

(1) The Khazar were a people settled north of the Caspian Sea and later in part of Armenia; for details see: Yaqut, Muʿjam al-Buldan; Ibn ʿAbd al-Munʿim al-Himyari, al-Rawd al-Miʿtar, pp. 218-219; al-Masʿudi, Muruj al-Dhahab, 2/7. (2) Bardhaʿa: the chief town of Azerbaijan. (3) Khalifa, Tarikh, p. 342.
رَوَى: أَبُو مُسْهِرٍ، عَنْ شَيْخٍ مِنْ حَكَمٍ، قَالَ: قَالَ الجَرَّاحُ الحَكَمِيُّ: تَرَكْتُ الذُّنُوْبَ حَيَاءً أَرْبَعِيْنَ سَنَةً، ثُمَّ أَدْرَكَنِي الوَرَعُ. قَالَ شَبَابٌ: هُوَ دِمَشْقِيٌّ، نَزَلَ البَصْرَةَ وَالكُوْفَةَ، وَكَانَ مِنَ القُرَّاءِ. قَالَ الوَلِيْدُ بنُ مُسْلِمٍ: كَانَ إِذَا مَرَّ فِي جَامِعِ دِمَشْقَ، يُمِيْلُ رَأْسَهُ عَنِ القَنَادِيْلِ مِنْ طُوْلِهِ. وَقَالَ مُجَالِدٌ: وَلِيَ يَزِيْدُ بنُ المُهَلَّبِ العِرَاقَ، فَلَمَّا سَارَ إِلَى خُرَاسَانَ، اسْتَخْلَفَ الجَرَّاحَ عَلَى العِرَاقِ. وَعَنِ الحَسَنِ الزُّرَقِيِّ، قَالَ: كَانَ الجَرَّاحُ بنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ عَلَى خُرَاسَانَ كُلِّهَا؛ حَرْبِهَا، وَصِلاَتِهَا، وَمَالِهَا. قَالَ ابْنُ جَابِرٍ: وَفِي سَنَةِ اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ وَمائَةٍ غَزَا الجَرَّاحُ بِلاَدَ التُّرْكِ، وَرَجَعَ، فَأَدْرَكَتْهُ التُّرْكُ، فَقُتِلَ هُوَ وَأَصْحَابُهُ. وَقَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ الحِمْيَرِيُّ: كَانَ الجَرَّاحُ عَلَى أَرْمِيْنِيَةَ، وَكَانَ رَجُلاً صَالِحاً، فَقَتَلَتْهُ الخَزَرُ (١) ، فَفَزِعَ النَّاسُ لِقَتْلِهِ فِي البُلْدَانِ. قَالَ سُلَيْمُ بنُ عَامِرٍ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَى الجَرَّاحِ، فَرَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ، فَرَفَعَ الأُمَرَاءُ أَيْدِيَهُم، فَمَكَثَ طَوِيْلاً، ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي: يَا أَبَا يَحْيَى، هَلْ تَدْرِي مَا كُنَّا فِيْهِ؟ قُلْتُ: لاَ، وَجَدْتُكُم فِي رَغْبَةٍ، فَرَفَعْتُ يَدِي مَعَكُم. قَالَ: سَأَلْنَا اللهَ الشَّهَادَةَ، فَوَاللهِ مَا بَقِيَ مِنْهُم أَحَدٌ فِي تِلْكَ الغَزَاةِ حَتَّى اسْتُشْهِدَ. قَالَ خَلِيْفَةُ: زَحَفَ الجَرَّاحُ مِنْ بَرْذَعَةَ (٢) سَنَةَ اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ إِلَى ابْنِ خَاقَانَ، فَاقْتَتَلُوا قِتَالاً شَدِيْداً، فَقُتِلَ الجَرَّاحُ فِي رَمَضَانَ، وَغَلَبَتِ الخَزَرُ عَلَى أَذْرَبِيْجَانَ، وَبَلَغُوا إِلَى قَرِيْبٍ مِنَ المَوْصِلِ (٣) . قَالَ الوَاقِدِيُّ: كَانَ البَلاَءُ بِمَقْتَلِ الجَرَّاحِ عَلَى المُسْلِمِيْنَ عَظِيْماً، بَكَوْا عَلَيْهِ فِي كُلِّ جُنْدٍ.
(١) الخزر: شعب قطن شمالي بحر قزوين ثم قسما من أرمينيا انظر للتعريف بهم " معجم البلدان " و" الروض المعطار " ص ٢١٨ و٢١٩ و" مروج الذهب " ٢ / ٧. (٢) برذعة: قصبة أذربيجان. (٣) تاريخ خليفة ص ٣٤٢.

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