Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

Ibn Saʿd said: His mother was an umm walad—a concubine who had borne her master a child—by the name of Sawdah. He himself was reliable, learned, of high standing, a jurist, an imam, scrupulously pious, and prolific in ḥadith.

Mūsā ibn ʿUqbah, on the authority of Muḥammad ibn Khālid ibn al-Zubayr, related:
“I was with ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Zubayr when al-Qāsim ibn Muḥammad requested permission to enter. Ibn al-Zubayr said, ‘Let him in.’ When he came in, he asked him, ‘Mahyam(1)?’ He replied, ‘So-and-so has died…,’ and he recounted the story. When he turned to leave, Ibn al-Zubayr looked after him and said, ‘I have never seen any child of Abū Bakr who resembles him more than this young man.’

Al-Qāsim himself said:
“ʿĀʾishah took it upon herself to issue legal verdicts during the caliphates of Abū Bakr and ʿUmar, and she continued to do so until she died. I kept her constant company—despite my youthful frivolities(2)—and I would sit with ‘the ocean,’ Ibn ʿAbbās. I also sat with Abū Hurayrah and Ibn ʿUmar, and I learned in abundance. With Ibn ʿUmar there was exemplary piety, a vast store of knowledge, and a refusal to speak on matters of which he had no knowledge.”

Ibn Shawdhub, on the authority of Yaḥyā ibn Saʿīd, said: “Among all those we met in Madinah, we preferred no one over al-Qāsim.”

Wuhayb, on the authority of Ayyūb—mentioning al-Qāsim—said: “I have never seen a man better than he. Yet he left behind one hundred thousand, and every dirham of it was lawfully earned.”

Al-Bukhārī recorded: ʿAlī narrated to us; Sufyān narrated to us; ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn al-Qāsim—who was the finest man of his era—narrated that he heard his father—who was likewise the finest man of his era—say: “I heard ʿĀʾishah say, ‘I perfumed the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him…,’” and he went on to relate the rest of the ḥadith(3).

(1) Al-Jawhari explains that the word *muhaym* is an interrogative particle meaning: “How are you? What is your situation?” (2) *turrahat* (plural of *turraha*): falsehoods, statements devoid of any benefit. (3) Reported by al-Bukhari, Sahih, 3/466, Book of Hajj, chapter “Perfume after stoning the jamarat and shaving before the ifada.” Full wording: “I perfumed the Messenger of Allah ﷺ with these two hands of mine when he entered ihram, and again when he became lawful before performing tawaf, and she spread out her hands.”
وَقَالَ ابْنُ سَعْدٍ: أُمُّهُ أُمُّ وَلَدٍ، يُقَالُ لَهَا: سَوْدَةُ، وَكَانَ ثِقَةً، عَالِماً، رَفِيْعاً، فَقِيْهاً، إِمَاماً، وَرِعاً، كَثِيْرَ الحَدِيْثِ. مُوْسَى بنُ عُقْبَةَ: عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بنِ خَالِدِ بنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، قَالَ: كُنْتُ عِنْدَ عَبْدِ اللهِ بنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، فَاسْتَأْذَنَ القَاسِمَ بنَ مُحَمَّدٍ. فَقَالَ ابْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ: ائْذَنْ لَهُ. فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ، قَالَ لَهُ: مَهْيَم (١) ؟ قَالَ: مَاتَ فُلاَنٌ ... ، فَذَكَرَ قصَّته. قَالَ: فَوَلَّى، فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ ابْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ، وَقَالَ: مَا رَأَيْتُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَلَدَ وَلداً أَشْبَهَ بِهِ مِنْ هَذَا الفَتَى. وَعَنِ القَاسِمِ، قَالَ: كَانَتْ عَائِشَةُ قَدِ اسْتَقَلَّتُ بِالفَتْوَى فِي خِلاَفَةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ، وَإِلَى أَنْ مَاتَتْ، وَكُنْتُ مُلاَزِماً لَهَا مَعَ تُرَّهَاتِي (٢) ، وَكُنْتُ أَجَالِسُ البَحْرَ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ، وَقَدْ جَلَسْتُ مَعَ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، وَابْنِ عُمَرَ، فَأَكْثَرْتُ. فَكَانَ هُنَاكَ -يَعْنِي: ابْنَ عُمَرَ- وَرَعٌ وَعِلْمٌ جَمٌّ، وَوُقُوْفٌ عَمَّا لاَ عِلْمَ لَهُ بِهِ. ابْنُ شَوْذَبٍ: عَنْ يَحْيَى بنِ سَعِيْدٍ، قَالَ: مَا أَدْرَكْنَا بِالمَدِيْنَةِ أَحَداً نُفَضِّلُهُ عَلَى القَاسِمِ. وُهَيْبٌ: عَنْ أَيُّوْبَ - وَذَكَرَ القَاسِمَ - فَقَالَ: مَا رَأَيْتُ رَجُلاً أَفْضَلَ مِنْهُ، وَلَقَدْ تَرَكَ مائَةَ أَلْفٍ وَهِيَ لَهُ حَلاَلٌ. البُخَارِيُّ: حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيٌّ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بنُ القَاسِمِ - وَكَانَ أَفْضَلَ أَهْلِ زَمَانِهِ - أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَاهُ - وَكَانَ أَفْضَلَ أَهْلِ زَمَانِهِ - يَقُوْلُ: سَمِعْتُ عَائِشَةَ تَقُوْلُ: طَيَّبْتُ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ ... ، الحَدِيْثَ (٣) .
(١) قال الجوهري: مهيم: كلمة يستفهم بها، معناها: ما حالك وما شأنك؟ (٢) الترهات: جمع ترهة: الأباطيل، والقول الخالي عن النفع. (٣) أخرجه البخاري ٣ / ٤٦٦ في الحج: باب الطيب بعد رمي الجمار والحلق قبل الافاضة، ولفظه بتمامه: طيبت رسول الله ﷺ بيدي هاتين حين أحرم، ولحله حين أحل قبل أن يطوف، وبسطت يديها.

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