Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

Hammad ibn Salamah—transmitting from Abu Sinan ʿIsa ibn Sinan—said, “I heard Wahb say:
‘I used to profess the doctrine of qadar, until I read some seventy-odd scriptures of the earlier prophets. In every single one of them it was written: “Whoever assigns to himself any share of the divine will has fallen into disbelief.” So I abandoned my former view.’ ⦗1⦘

Abu Usamah—via the same Abu Sinan—reported: I heard Wahb say to ʿAtaʾ al-Khurasani,
‘The scholars who preceded us were so enriched by their knowledge that they had no need for other people’s worldly goods, and therefore paid no attention to them. The people of the world, on the other hand, would gladly part with their wealth in order to gain that knowledge. Today the people of knowledge spend their learning on the worldly folk, coveting what they possess; and the worldly folk have now grown indifferent to their learning when they saw the low esteem in which scholars themselves held it.’ ⦗2⦘

He also said, ‘Commit three things to memory: beware of a passion that is followed, an evil companion, and a person’s self-admiration.’ ⦗3⦘

And he said, ‘Leave off wrangling and disputation, for no one escapes being one of two men: either he is more knowledgeable than you—so why show hostility and argue with someone superior to you?—or you are more knowledgeable than he is—so why show hostility and argue with someone beneath you who will not follow you?’ ⦗4⦘

Abu ʿAsim al-Nabil related to us—on the authority of Abu Salam—from Wahb ibn Munabbih, who said,
‘Knowledge is the believer’s intimate friend; forbearance is his vizier; reason is his guide; action is his overseer; patience is the commander of his troops; gentleness is his father; and leniency is his brother.’ ⦗5⦘

Wahb said, ‘The believer looks in order to learn, speaks in order to understand, remains silent in order to stay safe, and withdraws in seclusion in order to profit.’ ⦗6⦘

(1) Previous source; see also Ibn Saʿd, vol. 5, p. 543, and al-Hilya, vol. 4, p. 24. (2) Ibn ʿAsakir, vol. 17, p. 480a; the remainder appears in al-Hilya, vol. 4, p. 79. (3) Az-Zuhd by Ahmad, p. 374; Ibn ʿAsakir, vol. 17, p. 480a. (4) Ibn ʿAsakir, vol. 17, p. 470a. (5) Ibn ʿAsakir, vol. 17, pp. 480a–b. (6) Al-Hilya, vol. 4, p. 68; Ibn ʿAsakir, vol. 17, p. 480b; see also p. 551 of the present volume.
حَمَّادُ بنُ سَلَمَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي سِنَانٍ عِيْسَى بنِ سِنَانٍ، سَمِعْتُ وَهْباً يَقُوْلُ: كُنْتُ أَقُوْلُ بِالقَدَرِ، حَتَّى قَرَأْتُ بِضْعَةً وَسَبْعِيْنَ كِتَاباً مِنْ كُتُبِ الأَنْبِيَاءِ، فِي كُلِّهَا: مَنْ جَعَلَ إِلَى نَفْسِهِ شَيْئاً مِنَ المَشِيْئَةِ فَقَدْ كَفَرَ، فَتَرَكْتُ قَوْلِي (١) . أَبُو أُسَامَةَ: عَنْ أَبِي سِنَانٍ، سَمِعْتُ وَهْباً يَقُوْلُ لِعَطَاءٍ الخُرَاسَانِيِّ: كَانَ العُلَمَاءُ قَبْلَنَا قَدِ اسْتَغْنَوْا بِعِلْمْهِم عَنْ دُنْيَا غَيْرِهِم، فَكَانُوا لاَ يَلْتَفِتُوْنَ إِلَيْهَا، وَكَانَ أَهْلُ الدُّنْيَا يَبْذُلُوْنَ دُنْيَاهُم فِي عِلْمِهِم، فَأَصْبَحَ أَهْلُ العِلْمِ يَبْذُلُوْنَ لأَهْلِ الدُّنْيَا عِلْمَهُم، رَغْبَةً فِي دُنْيَاهُم، وَأَصْبَحَ أَهْلُ الدُّنْيَا قَدْ زَهِدُوا فِي عِلْمِهِم لَمَّا رَأَوْا مِنْ سُوْءِ مَوْضِعِهِ عِنْدَهُم (٢) . وَعَنْهُ، قَالَ: احْفَظُوا عَنِّي ثَلاَثاً: إِيَّاكُم وَهَوَىً مُتَّبَعاً، وَقَرِيْنَ سُوْءٍ، وَإِعْجَابَ المَرْءِ بِنَفْسِهِ (٣) . وَعَنْهُ: دَعْ المِرَاءَ وَالجَدَلَ، فَإِنَّهُ لَنْ يَعْجُزَ أَحَدُ رَجُلَيْنِ: رَجُلٌ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ مِنْكَ، فَكَيْفَ تُعَادِي وَتُجَادِلُ مَنْ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ مِنْكَ؟! وَرَجُلٌ أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ، فَكَيْفَ تُعَادِي وَتُجَادِلُ مَنْ أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ وَلاَ يُطِيْعُكَ (٤) ؟! أَبُو عَاصِمٍ النَّبِيْلُ: حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو سَلاَّمٍ، عَنْ وَهْبِ بنِ مُنَبِّهٍ، قَالَ: العِلْمُ خَلِيْلُ المُؤْمِنِ، وَالحِلْمُ وَزِيْرُهُ، وَالعَقْلُ دَلِيْلُهُ، وَالعَمَلُ قَيِّمُهُ، وَالصَّبْرُ أَمِيْرُ جُنُوْدِهِ، وَالرِّفْقُ أَبُوْهُ، وَاللِّيْنُ أَخُوْهُ (٥) . عَنْ وَهْبٍ: المُؤْمِنُ يَنْظُرُ لِيَعْلَمَ، وَيَتَكَلَّمُ لِيَفْهَمَ، وَيَسْكُتُ لِيَسْلَمَ، وَيَخْلُو لِيَغْنَمَ (٦) .
(١) المصدر السابق، وانظر ابن سعد ٥ / ٥٤٣ والحلية ٤ / ٢٤. (٢) ابن عساكر ١٧ / ٤٨٠ آ، وفي الحلية ٤ / ٧٩ له تتمة. (٣) الزهد لأحمد ٣٧٤ وابن عساكر ١٧ / ٤٨٠ آ. (٤) ابن عساكر ١٧ / ٤٧٠ آ. (٥) ابن عساكر ١٧ / ٤٨٠ آ، ب. (٦) الحلية ٤ / ٦٨ وابن عساكر ١٧ / ٤٨٠ ب، وانظر صفحة ٥٥١ من هذا الجزء.

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