to Ibn ʿAbbās on three separate occasions, pausing at every single verse to ask him, “For what purpose was it revealed, and under what circumstances?” (1)
And through this same chain to Abū Nuʿaym: Ḥabīb ibn al-Ḥasan narrated to us; Yūsuf the judge narrated to us; ʿAmr ibn Marzūq narrated to us; Shuʿbah narrated from al-Ḥakam, from Mujāhid, who said:
“Thunder is an angel that drives the clouds with its voice.” (2)
Aḥmad ibn Isḥāq informed us; Muḥammad ibn Hibat Allah narrated to us; my uncle Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Dīnawarī narrated to us; ʿĀṣim ibn al-Ḥasan narrated to us; Abū ʿUmar ibn Mahdī narrated to us; al-Ḥusayn ibn Ismāʿīl narrated to us; Yaʿqūb al-Dawraqī narrated to us; Marwān ibn Shujāʿ narrated from Khuṣayf, from Mujāhid, from Abū Saʿīd al-Khudrī, who said:
“I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on the pulpit, twice, saying: ‘Gold for gold and silver for silver, weight for weight.’” (3)
176 – Sālim ibn ʿAbd Allāh, son of the Commander of the Believers ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb al-ʿAdawī * (ʿ)
The imam, ascetic, ḥadith authority, and legal scholar
(1) The report has already been cited on p. 450, no. (2).
(2) Al-Hilya, vol. 2, pp. 284-285. Ibn Jarir also transmits it (1/150) through the chain: Muhammad ibn al-Muthanna → Muhammad ibn Jaʿfar → Shuʿba → al-Hakam → Mujahid.
(3) All the transmitters are reliable. The same hadith is found in Malik’s al-Muwattaʾ (2/632-633), al-Bukhari (4/317), and Muslim (no. 1584), on the authority of Nafiʿ from Abu Saʿid al-Khudri: “Do not sell gold for gold except equal for equal, do not give one part an advantage over another, and do not sell what is deferred for what is immediate.”
(*) Principal biographical sources: Ibn Saʿd, Tabaqat, 5/195; Khalifa, Tabaqat, no. 2113; al-Bukhari, Tarikh, 4/115; Ibn Qutayba, al-Maʿarif, p. 186; al-Yaʿqubi, Maʿrifa wa’l-Tarikh, 1/554; Ibn Abi Hatim, al-Jarh wa’l-Taʿdil, vol. 2, part 1, p. 184; Abu Nuʿaym, al-Hilya, 2/193; al-Shirazi, Tabaqat al-Fuqahaʾ, p. 62; Ibn ʿAsakir, Tarikh, 7/12a; al-Nawawi, Tahdhib al-Asmaʾ, part 1, p. 207; Ibn Khallikan, Wafayat al-Aʿyan, 2/349; al-Mizzi, Tahdhib al-Kamal, p. 461; al-Dhahabi, Tarikh al-Islam, 4/115; al-Dhahabi, Tadhkirat al-Huffaz, 1/82; al-Dhahabi, al-ʿIbar, 1/130; al-Dhahabi, Tadhhib al-Tahdhib, 2/2b; Ibn Kathir, al-Bidaya wa’l-Nihaya, 9/234; Ibn al-Jazari, Ghayat al-Nihaya, no. 1315; Ibn Hajar, Tahdhib al-Tahdhib, 3/436; Ibn Taghribirdi, al-Nujum al-Zahira, 1/256; al-Dhahabi, Tabaqat al-Huffaz.