Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

some elders from Shaʿbān—among them Muḥammad ibn Abī Umayyah, a learned man—related the following: a torrent once struck Yemen, and the flood scoured away part of the ground, exposing an azaj (1) topped by a stone door. The lock was broken and they entered, to find a vast hall containing a throne of gold. Seated upon it was a man; when we measured him, his height came to twelve hand-spans. He was clad in robes of brocade woven with gold, a golden crook lay at his side, and on his head gleamed a red ruby. The man’s hair and beard were white and braided into two plaits. Beside him was a tablet written in Himyarite script:

“In Your name, O Allāhum, Lord of Himyar. I am Ḥassān ibn ʿAmr, the Qayl (2)—for there is no Qayl but Allah. I lived in hope and died at the appointed time, in the days of Wakhzuhayda (3). And what is Wakhzuhayda? In it twelve thousand Qayls perished, and I was the last of them. I came to Mount Dhī Shaʿbayn seeking refuge from death, but it betrayed me.”

Next to him lay a sword on which was inscribed: “I am a Qayl; through me vengeance is attained.”

Shuʿbah, from Manṣūr ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, from al-Shaʿbī, said: “I met five hundred of the Prophet’s Companions (4).”

Saʿīd ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz, from Makḥūl, said: “I never saw anyone more knowledgeable than al-Shaʿbī (5).”

Hushaym narrated to us, from Ismāʿīl ibn Sālim, from al-Shaʿbī, who said: “No relative of mine ever died…”

(1) al-azj: a rectangular structure with a vaulted (arched) roof. (2) al-qil: the title of a king from the Himyarite dynasty who imitated the kings who preceded him (Lisan al-Arab). (3) The manuscript reads “wakhzahid” with a dotted dhal; on the basis of al-Ishtiqaq and Taj al-Arus we have adopted the two separate words wakhz (a penetrating thrust, or the plague) and hayd. Yaqut, Muʿjam al-Buldan, notes that the “Days of Hayd” were a period of massive mortality in the earliest pre-Islamic era, during which, it is said, twelve thousand people died. Al-Imrani cites the same in Asmaʾ al-Amkina and adds, “I do not know its meaning.” See also Ibn Saʿd, 6/246; al-Ishtiqaq, 524; Ibn ʿAsakir, entry “Asim b. ʿAyidh,” 144–145. (4) Al-Bukhari, al-Tarikh al-saghir, 1:253–254; Akhbar al-Qudat, 2:428. (5) See Ibn ʿAsakir, entry “Asim b. ʿAyidh,” 167 ff.
أَشْيَاخٌ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ؛ مِنْهُم: مُحَمَّدُ بنُ أَبِي أُمَيَّةَ - وَكَانَ عَالِماً -: أَنَّ مَطَراً أَصَابَ اليَمَنَ، فَجَحَفَ السَّيْلُ مَوْضِعاً، فَأَبْدَى عَنْ أَزَجٍ (١) عَلَيْهِ بَابٌ مِنْ حِجَارَةٍ، فَكُسِرَ الغَلَقُ، وَدُخِلَ، فَإِذَا بَهُوٌ عَظِيْمٌ، فِيْهِ سَرِيْرٌ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ، فَإِذَا عَلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ، شَبَرْنَاهُ فَإِذَا طُوْلُهُ اثْنَا عَشَرَ شِبْراً، وَإِذَا عَلَيْهِ جِبَابٌ مِنْ وَشْيٍ مَنْسُوْجَةٌ بِالذَّهَبِ، وَإِلَى جَنْبِهِ مِحْجَنٌ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ، عَلَى رَأْسِهِ يَاقُوْتَةٌ حَمْرَاءُ، وَإِذَا رَجُلٌ أَبْيَضُ الرَّأْسِ وَاللِّحْيَةِ، لَهُ ضَفْرَانِ، وَإِلَى جَنْبِهِ لَوْحٌ مَكْتُوْبٌ فِيْهِ بِالحِمْيَرِيَّةِ: بِاسْمِكَ اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّ حِمْيَرٍ، أَنَا حَسَّانُ بنُ عَمْرٍو القَيْلُ (٢) ، إِذْ لاَ قَيْلَ إِلاَّ اللهُ، عِشْتُ بِأَمَلٍ، وَمُتُّ بِأَجِلٍ؛ أَيَّامَ وَخْزِهَيْدَ (٣) ، وَمَا وَخْزُهَيْدُ؟ هَلَكَ فِيْهِ اثْنَا عَشَرَ أَلْفَ قَيْلٍ، فَكُنْتُ آخِرَهُم قَيْلاً، فَأَتَيْتُ جَبَلَ ذِي شَعْبَيْنِ؛ لِيُجِيْرَنِي مِنَ المَوْتِ، فَأَخْفَرَنِي. وَإِلَى جَنْبِهِ سَيْفٌ مَكْتُوْبٌ فِيْهِ: أَنَا قَيْلٌ، بِي يُدْرَكُ الثَّأْرُ. شُعْبَةُ: عَنْ مَنْصُوْرِ بنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، قَالَ: أَدْرَكْتُ خَمْسَ مائَةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ (٤) ﷺ. سَعِيْدُ بنُ عَبْدِ العَزِيْزِ: عَنْ مَكْحُوْلٍ، قَالَ: مَا رَأَيْتُ أَحَداً أَعْلَمَ مِنَ الشَّعْبِيِّ (٥) . هُشَيْمٌ: أَنْبَأَنَا إِسْمَاعِيْلُ بنُ سَالِمٍ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، قَالَ: مَا مَاتَ ذُوْ قَرَابَةٍ
(١) الازج: بناء مستطيل مقوس السقف. (٢) القيل: الملك من ملوك حمير يتقيل من قبله من ملوكهم (يشبهه) (لسان) . (٣) في الأصل: " وخزهيذ " بالذال المعجمة، وما أثبتناه من الاشتقاق والتاج. وال " وخز ": الطعن النافذ، أو هو الطاعون. و" هيد " قال ياقوت في معجم البلدان: وأيام هيد أيام موتان كانت في الجاهلية في الدهر الأول، قيل: مات فيها. اثنا عشر ألفا. هكذا ذكره العمراني في أسماء الاماكن ولا أدري ما معناه. اه. انظر ابن سعد ٦ / ٢٤٦، والاشتقاق ٥٢٤ وابن عساكر (عاصم عايذ) ١٤٤، ١٤٥. (٤) التاريخ الصغير للبخاري ١ / ٢٥٣، ٢٥٤ وأخبار القضاة ٢ / ٤٢٨. (٥) انظر ابن عساكر (عاصم عايذ) ١٦٧ وما بعدها.

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