Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

Dāwūd, on the authority of al-Shaʿbī, reported that Ziyād was consulted about the estate of a deceased man who had left a paternal aunt and a maternal aunt. He said, “ʿUmar ruled in such a case that the maternal aunt takes the share of a sister and the paternal aunt the share of a brother,” and he therefore awarded them the estate. (1)

113 – Ṣilah ibn Ashyam, Abū al-Ṣaḥbāʾ al-ʿAdawī *
The ascetic, devoted worshipper, and exemplar; Abū al-Ṣaḥbāʾ al-ʿAdawī, a Basran, and the husband of the scholar Muʿādhah (2) al-ʿAdawiyyah.

So far as I know, he transmitted only one hadith, from Ibn ʿAbbās.

Those who narrated from him include his household—Muʿādhah, al-Ḥasan, Ḥumayd ibn Hilāl, Thābit al-Bunānī—and others.

Ibn al-Mubārak records in al-Zuhd, through ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Yazīd ibn Jābir:
“It has reached us that the Prophet ﷺ said, ‘There will arise in my community a man called Ṣilah, and through his intercession such-and-such a number of people will enter Paradise.’ (3)”

This is a muʿḍal hadith (its chain is missing two consecutive transmitters).

Jaʿfar ibn Sulaymān narrated, from Yazīd al-Rishk, from Muʿādhah, who said, “Abū al-Ṣaḥbāʾ would pray until he could reach his bed only by crawling.” (4)

(1) Ibn Saʿd, vol. 7, p. 100. (*) Further sources: Ibn Saʿd, al-Tabaqat, vol. 7, p. 134; Khalifah, al-Tabaqat, entry 1528; al-Bukhari, al-Tarikh al-Kabir, vol. 4, p. 321; Ibn Abi Hatim, al-Kuna, vol. 2, p. 13; al-Jarh wa-l-taʿdil, vol. 4, p. 447; Abu Nuʿaym, Hilyat al-awliyaʾ, vol. 2, p. 237; Ibn al-Athir, Usd al-ghabah, vol. 4, p. 34; al-Dhahabi, Tarikh al-Islam, vol. 3, p. 19; Ibn Kathir, al-Bidayah wa-l-nihayah, vol. 9, p. 15; Ibn Hajar, al-Isabah, vol. 2, p. 200. (2) She is listed among the narrators in Tahdhib, and her hadith is found in the six canonical collections. (3) The isnad is weak because it is muʿdal; a muʿdal hadith is one whose chain is missing two consecutive transmitters. The report also appears in Abu Nuʿaym, Hilyat al-awliyaʾ, vol. 2, p. 241, through the route of Ibn al-Mubarak. (4) Ibn Saʿd likewise recorded it (vol. 7, p. 136) through ʿAffan with this same chain, and it is authentic.
دَاوُدُ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ: أُتِيَ زِيَادٌ فِي مَيِّتٍ تَرَكَ عَمَّةً وَخَالَةً، فَقَالَ: قَضَى فِيْهَا عُمَرُ أَنْ جَعَلَ الخَالَةَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الأُخْتِ، وَالعَمَّةَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الأَخِ، فَأَعْطَاهُمَا المَالَ (١) . ١١٣ - صِلَةُ بنُ أَشْيَمَ أَبُو الصَّهْبَاءِ العَدَوِيُّ * الزَّاهِدُ، العَابِدُ، القُدْوَةُ، أَبُو الصَّهْبَاءِ العَدَوِيُّ، البَصْرِيُّ، زَوْجُ العَالِمَةِ مُعَاذَةَ (٢) العَدَوِيَّةِ. مَا عَلِمْتُهُ رَوَى سِوَى حَدِيْثٍ وَاحِدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ. حَدَّثَ عَنْهُ: أَهْلُهُ؛ مُعَاذَةُ، وَالحَسَنُ، وَحُمَيْدُ بنُ هِلاَلٍ، وَثَابِتٌ البُنَانِيُّ، وَغَيْرُهُم. ابْنُ المُبَارَكِ فِي (الزُّهْدِ) : عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بنِ يَزِيْدَ بنِ جَابِرٍ، قَالَ: بَلَغَنَا أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ: (يَكُوْنُ فِي أُمَّتِي رَجُلٌ يُقَالُ لَهُ: صِلَةُ، يَدْخُلُ الجَنَّةَ بِشَفَاعَتِهِ كَذَا وَكَذَا (٣)) . هَذَا حَدِيْثٌ مُعْضَلٌ. جَعْفَرُ بنُ سُلَيْمَانَ: عَنْ يَزِيْدَ الرِّشْكِ، عَنْ مُعَاذَةَ، قَالَتْ: كَانَ أَبُو الصَّهْبَاءِ يُصَلِّي حَتَّى مَا يَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ فِرَاشَهُ إِلاَّ زَحْفاً (٤) .
(١) ابن سعد ٧ / ١٠٠. (*) طبقات ابن سعد ٧ / ١٣٤، طبقات خليفة: ت ١٥٢٨، التاريخ الكبير ٤ / ٣٢١، الكنى ٢ / ١٣، الجرح والتعديل ٤ / ٤٤٧، الحلية ٢ / ٢٣٧، أسد الغابة ٤ / ٣٤، تاريخ الإسلام ٣ / ١٩، البداية والنهاية ٩ / ١٥، الإصابة ٢ / ٢٠٠. (٢) من رجال " التهذيب " وحديثها في الكتب الستة. (٣) إسناده ضعيف لاعضاله، كما قال المؤلف، والحديث المعضل: هو الذي سقط من إسناده اثنان على التوالي. والخبر في " حلية الأولياء " ٢ / ٢٤١ من طريق ابن المبارك. (٤) أخرجه ابن سعد ٧ / ١٣٦ من طريق عفان بهذا الإسناد، وهو صحيح.

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