Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

Yahya ibn Maʿin said, “The people of Hims assert that he was among the senior Successors and they deny that he possessed any companionship.”

I say: This should be understood as their rejecting full—not general—companionship.

Ahmad relates in his Musnad (1): “Suraij (2) ibn al-Nuʿman narrated to us; Baqiyyah narrated from Muhammad ibn Ziyad, who said, ‘Abu ʿInabah related to me’—Suraij added, ‘and he did have companionship’—that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, ‘When Allah wills good for a servant, He sweetens him.’ They asked, ‘What is this sweetening (3)?’ He replied, ‘He opens for him a righteous deed and then takes him while he is engaged in it.’”

Muhammad ibn Saʿd said, “He had companionship.”

Abu Zurʿah al-Dimashqi said, “He entered Islam while the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was still alive and he associated with Muʿadh. Ḥaywah informed me of this, reporting from Baqiyyah, from Ibn Ziyad (4).”

(88) Musnad Ahmad, vol. 4, p. 200, transmitted through Haytham b. Kharija from al-Jarrah, with the same chain. (1) The chain in Musnad Ahmad, vol. 4, p. 200, is composed of trustworthy narrators. Al-Haythami mentions the report in Majmaʿ al-Zawaʾid, attributes it to Ahmad and al-Tabarani, and remarks: “In it is Baqiyya, who practised tadlis, but in the Musnad he explicitly states that he heard the hadith; the rest of the transmitters are reliable.” Although the printed edition of the Musnad does not show Baqiyya’s explicit statement of audition, other reports strengthen the tradition. Ahmad relates in the Musnad (5/224) from ʿAmr b. al-Hamaq that he heard the Prophet say: “When Allah intends good for a servant, He employs him.” They asked, “And how does He employ him?” He replied, “He opens for him a righteous deed just before his death, so that the people around him become pleased with him.” The isnad is hasan; Ibn Hibban authenticated it (no. 1822). Ahmad also narrates (3/106, 120, 230), and al-Tirmidhi (2142) records, from Anas b. Malik: “I heard the Messenger of Allah say, ‘When Allah intends good for a servant, He employs him.’ They asked, ‘How does He employ him?’ He said, ‘He enables him to perform a righteous deed shortly before death, then He takes him while he is engaged in it.’” Ibn Hibban (no. 1821) and al-Hakim declared it sahih, and al-Tirmidhi graded it hasan sahih. (2) In the printed text the name has been misread as “Shurayh.” (3) Ibn al-Athir explains that “ʿasal” (lit. honey) here means “pleasant praise.” The verb ʿasala al-taʿam (“he put honey in the food”) indicates sweetening; the good deeds with which Allah graces a person, causing his remembrance among his people to become pleasant, are likened to honey that sweetens food. (4) Abu Zurʿa, Tarikh Dimashq, vol. 1, p. 351. Ḥaywah is Ibn Shurayh; Baqiyya is Ibn al-Walid; Ibn Ziyad is Muhammad b. Ziyad al-Ilahani.
قَالَ يَحْيَى بنُ مَعِيْنٍ: قَالَ أَهْلُ حِمْصَ: هُوَ مِنْ كِبَارِ التَّابِعِيْنَ، وَأَنْكَرُوا أَنْ تَكُوْنَ لَهُ صُحْبَةٌ. قُلْتُ: هَذَا يُحْمَلُ عَلَى إِنْكَارِهِمُ الصُّحْبَةَ التَّامَّةَ، لاَ الصُّحْبَةَ العَامَّةَ. أَحْمَدُ فِي (مُسْنَدِهِ (١)) : حَدَّثَنَا سُرَيْجُ (٢) بنُ النُّعْمَانِ، حَدَّثَنَا بَقِيَّةُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بنِ زِيَادٍ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو عِنَبَةَ - قَالَ سُرَيْجٌ: وَلَهُ صُحْبَةٌ -: إِنَّ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ: (إِذَا أَرَادَ اللهُ بِعَبْدٍ خَيْراً عَسَلَهُ) . قِيْلَ: وَمَا عَسَلَهُ (٣) ؟ قَالَ: (يَفْتَحُ لَهُ عَمَلاً صَالِحاً، ثُمَّ يَقْبِضُهُ عَلَيْهِ) . قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بنُ سَعْدٍ: لَهُ صُحْبَةٌ. وَقَالَ أَبُو زُرْعَةَ الدِّمَشْقِيُّ: أَسْلَمَ وَرَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ حَيٌّ، وَصَحِبَ مُعَاذاً، أَخْبَرَنِي بِذَلِكَ: حَيْوَةُ، عَنْ بَقِيَّةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ زِيَادٍ (٤) .
= (٨٨) ، وأحمد ٤ / ٢٠٠ من طريق الهيثم بن خارجه، عن الجراح به. (١) ٤ / ٢٠٠ ورجاله ثقات، وذكره الهيثمي في " المجمع "، ونسبه لأحمد والطبراني، وقال: وفيه بقية مدلس، وقد صرح بالسماع في " المسند " وبقية رجاله ثقات. كذا قال، مع أنه ليس في المطبوع من " مسند أحمد " التصريح بالسماع، لكن في الباب ما يقويه، فقد روى أحمد في " المسند " ٥ / ٢٢٤ من حديث عمرو بن الحمق أنه سمع النبي ﷺ يقول: " إذا أراد الله بعبد خيرا، استعمله " قيل: وما استعمله؟ قال: " يفتح له عمل صالح بين يدي موته حتى يرضى عنه من حوله " وسندح حسن، وصححه ابن حبان (١٨٢٢) ، وأخرج أحمد ٣ / ١٠٦ و١٢٠ و٢٣٠، والترمذي (٢١٤٢) من حد يث أنس بن مالك قال: سمعت رسول الله ﷺ يقول: " إذا أراد الله بعبد خيرا استعمله " قيل: كيف استعمله؟ قال " يوفقه لعمل صالح قيل الموت، ثم يقبضه عليه، وصححه ابن حبان (١٨٢١) والحاكم، وقال الترمذي: حسن صحيح. (٢) تصحف في المطبوع إلى " شريح ". (٣) قال ابن الأثير: العسل: طيب الثناء، مأخوذ من العسل، يقال: عسل الطعام يعسله: إذا جعل منه العسل، شبه ما رزقه الله تعالى من العمل الصالح الذي طاب به ذكره بين قومه بالعسل الذي يجعل فيه الطعام فيحلولي به ويطيب. (٤) " تاريخ دمشق " لأبي زرعة ١ / ٣٥١، وحيوة هو ابن شريح، وبقية: هو ابن الوليد، وابن زياد: هو محمد بن زياد الالهاني.

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