Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

A man lost one hundred dinars, so he announced: “Whoever finds it shall receive twenty dinars.”
The one who had found the money came forward and said, “Here is your property; now give me the amount you promised.”
The owner replied, “My money was one hundred and twenty dinars.”
They brought the case before Faḍālah, who asked the owner, “Was your money not one hundred and twenty dinars, as you claim?”
He answered, “Indeed.”
Faḍālah then said to the other, “And you found one hundred?”
He replied, “Yes.”
Faḍālah said, “Then keep it and do not hand it over to him; it is not his property until its rightful owner comes.” (1)

Faḍālah also said, “For me to know that Allah has accepted from me even the weight of a single grain would be dearer to me than the whole world and everything in it, for He, exalted is He, says: ‘Allah only accepts from those who are mindful of Him.’ (2) [al-Māʾidah: 30]”

Aḥmad ibn Yūnus al-Yarbūʿī reported: Muʿāwiyah ibn Ḥafṣ narrated to us from Dāwūd ibn Muhājir, from Ibn Muḥayriz, who heard Faḍālah ibn ʿUbayd—and I said to him, “Advise me.” He replied:
“Traits by which Allah will benefit you: if you can know yet remain unknown, then do so; if you can listen and not speak, then do so; and if you can sit without others gathering around you, then do so.” (3)

Faḍālah is counted among the leading Qur’an reciters, though it has also been said that Ibn ʿĀmir recited to him.

Sufyān narrated from Manṣūr, from Hilāl ibn Yasāf, from Nuʿaym ibn Dhī Janāb, from Faḍālah ibn ʿUbayd, who said:
“Three things are crushing misfortunes: a ruler who, if you do well, shows no gratitude, and if you do wrong, offers no forgiveness; a neighbor who, when he sees a good deed, buries it, and when he sees an evil—”

(1) Ibn Asakir, vol. 14, p. 114a. (2) In the printed edition, the word al-muttaqin (the pious) has been mistakenly replaced by al-muʾminin (the believers); the report is found in Ibn Asakir, vol. 14, p. 114b. (3) Ibn Asakir, vol. 14, p. 114b.
مِنْ رَجُلٍ مائَةُ دِيْنَارٍ، فَنَادَى: مَنْ وَجَدَهَا، فَلَهُ عِشْرُوْنَ دِيْنَاراً. فَأَقْبَلَ الَّذِي وَجَدَهَا، فَقَالَ: هَذَا مَالُكَ، فَأَعْطِنِي الَّذِي جَعَلْتَ لِي. فَقَالَ: كَانَ مَالِي عِشْرِيْنَ وَمائَةَ دِيْنَارٍ. فَاخْتَصَمَا إِلَى فَضَالَةَ، فَقَالَ لِصَاحِبِ المَالِ: أَلَيْسَ كَانَ مَالُكَ مائَةً وَعِشْرِيْنَ دِيْنَاراً كَمَا تَذْكُرُ؟ قَالَ: بَلَى. وَقَالَ لِلآخَرِ: أَنْتَ وَجَدْتَ مائَةً؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: فَاحْبِسْهَا، وَلاَ تُعْطِهِ، فَلَيْسَ هُوَ بِمَالِهِ حَتَّى يَجِيْءَ صَاحِبُهُ (١) . وَعَنْ فَضَالَةَ، قَالَ: لأَنْ أَعْلَمُ أَنَّ اللهَ تَقَبَّلَ مِنِّي مِثْقَالَ حَبَّةٍ، أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا وَمَا فِيْهَا، لأَنَّهُ تَعَالَى يَقُوْلُ: ﴿إِنَّمَا يَتَقَبَّلُ اللهُ مِنَ المُتَّقِيْنَ (٢) ﴾ [المَائِدَةُ: ٣٠] . أَحْمَدُ بنُ يُوْنُسَ اليَرْبُوْعِيُّ: حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاوِيَةُ بنُ حَفْصٍ، عَنْ دَاوُدَ بنِ مُهَاجَرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ مُحَيْرِيْزٍ؛ سَمِعَ فَضَالَةَ بنَ عُبَيْدٍ - وَقُلْتُ لَهُ: أَوْصِنِي - قَالَ: خِصَالٌ يَنْفَعُكَ اللهُ بِهِنَّ؛ إِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ أَنْ تَعْرِفَ وَلاَ تُعْرَفَ، فَافْعَلْ، وَإِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ أَنْ تَسْمَعَ وَلاَ تَكَلَّمَ، فَافْعَلْ، وَإِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ أَنْ تَجْلِسَ وَلاَ يُجْلَسَ إِلَيْكَ، فَافْعَلْ (٣) . قَدْ عُدَّ فَضَالَةُ فِي كِبَارِ القُرَّاءِ. وَقِيْلَ: لَكِنَّ ابْنَ عَامِرٍ تَلاَ عَلَيْهِ. سُفْيَانُ: عَنْ مَنْصُوْرٍ، عَنْ هِلاَلِ بنِ يِسَافٍ، عَنْ نُعَيْمِ بنِ ذِي جَنَابٍ، عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بنِ عُبَيْدٍ، قَالَ: ثَلاَثٌ مِنَ الفَوَاقِرِ: إِمَامٌ إِنْ أَحْسَنْتَ لَمْ يَشْكُرْ، وَإِنْ أَسَأْتَ لَمْ يَغْفِرْ، وَجَارٌ إِنْ رَأَى حَسَنَةً دَفَنَهَا، وَإِنْ رَأَى سَيِّئَةً
(١) ابن عساكر ١٤ / ١١٤ آ. (٢) تحرفت في المطبوع كلمة " المتقين " إلى " المؤمنين " والخبر في: ابن عساكر: ١٤ / ١١٤ / ب. (٣) ابن عساكر ١٤ / ١١٤ / ب.

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