Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

ibn ʿAbd Shams. (1)

His father al-Muṭʿim died in Mecca before the Battle of Badr, at a little over ninety years of age.

Ḥassān ibn Thābit is said to have composed an elegy for him, in which he declared:

If lasting glory today could grant one man immortality,
then Muṭʿim’s glory would have saved him this very day. (2)
You granted the Messenger of Allah your protection against them;
so they awoke as your vassals for as long as any pilgrim chants the talbiya and enters iḥrām.

Al-Zubayr related: al-Muʾammilī told us, from Zakariyyā ibn ʿĪsā, from al-Zuhrī, that ʿAmr ibn al-ʿĀṣ said to Abū Mūsā—when he noticed how often the latter opposed him—“Will you obey me? This affair ought not to be decided by us alone; we must bring in a group from Quraysh and consult them, for they know their own people best.”

He replied, “What you propose is excellent.”

So the two of them summoned five men: Ibn ʿAmr, Abū Juhm ibn Ḥudhayfah, Ibn al-Zubayr, Jubayr ibn Muṭʿim, and ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn al-Ḥārith ibn Hishām, and the men came to them.

Muḥammad ibn ʿAmr narrated—from Abū Salamah—that Jubayr ibn Muṭʿim married a woman, named her dower, and then divorced her before consummation. He recited the verse, “Unless they forgo (their right), or the one in whose hand lies the marriage tie forgives it” (Al-Baqarah 2:237), and said, “I am more entitled to forgiveness than she is.” He therefore handed over the full dower to her.

(1) The words “Umayya ibn” are missing from the printed edition. (2) In the Diwan, p. 326, the couplet is transmitted as follows: “Walaw anna majd-an akhlada ad-dahra wāḥidan / mina n-nās abqā majduhu ad-dahra Muṭ‘iman” (“Had lasting glory granted immortality in this world to any man, it would have preserved for all time the renown of Muṭ‘im”). Both lines belong to a qasida composed as an elegy for al-Muṭ‘im ibn ‘Adi; its opening verse reads: “A‘ayni, alā abki sayyida an-nās wasfahī / bidam‘in fa-in anziftahu faskubī ad-damā” (“O my eyes, weep for the master of mankind and let your tears flow; if you exhaust them, then pour out blood instead”). (3) Related by al-Bayhaqi, Sunan, 7 / 251, through Abu al-‘Abbas Muhammad ibn Ya‘qub → Yahya ibn Abi Talib → ‘Abd al-Wahhab ibn ‘Ata’ with this chain; also by al-Tabari, no. 5321, through ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Mahdi → ‘Abd Allah ibn Ja‘far → Wasil ibn Abi Sa‘id → Muhammad ibn Jubayr ibn Muṭ‘im: “My father married a woman, then divorced her before consummation, sent her the dower, and said, ‘I have the greater right to act magnanimously.’”
بنِ (١) عَبْدِ شَمْسٍ. وَمَاتَ أَبُوْهُ المُطْعِمُ بِمَكَّةَ قَبْلَ بَدْرٍ، وَلَهُ نَيِّفٌ وَتِسْعُوْنَ سَنَةً. فَرَثَاهُ حَسَّانُ بنُ ثَابِتٍ - فِيْمَا قِيْلَ - فَقَالَ: فَلَوْ كَانَ مَجْدٌ يُخْلِدُ اليَوْمَ وَاحِداً ... مِنَ النَّاسِ أَنْجَى مَجْدُهُ اليَوْمَ مُطْعِمَا (٢) أَجَرْتَ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ مِنْهُم فَأَصْبَحُوا ... عَبِيْدُكَ مَا لَبَّى مُلَبٍّ وَأَحْرَمَا الزُّبَيْرُ: حَدَّثَنَا المُؤَمِّلِيُّ، عَنْ زَكَرِيَّا بنِ عِيْسَى، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ: أَنَّ عَمْرَو بنَ العَاصِ قَالَ لأَبِي مُوْسَى لَمَّا رَأَى كَثْرَةَ مُخَالَفَتِهِ لَهُ: هَلْ أَنْتَ مُطِيْعِي؟ فَإِنَّ هَذَا الأَمْرَ لاَ يَصْلُحُ أَنْ نَنْفَرِدَ بِهِ حَتَّى نُحْضِرَهُ رَهْطاً مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ نَسْتَشِيْرُهُم، فَإِنَّهُم أَعْلَمُ بِقَوْمِهِم. قَالَ: نِعْمَ مَا رَأَيْتَ. فَبَعَثَا إِلَى خَمْسَةٍ؛ ابْنِ عَمْرٍو، وَأَبِي جَهْمٍ بنِ حُذَيْفَةَ، وَابْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، وَجُبَيْرِ بنِ مُطْعِمٍ، وَعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بنِ الحَارِثِ بنِ هِشَامٍ، فَقَدِمُوا عَلَيْهِم. قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بنُ عَمْرٍو: عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ: أَنَّ جُبَيْرَ بنَ مُطْعِمٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً، فَسَمَّى لَهَا صَدَاقَهَا، ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا قَبْلَ الدُّخُوْلِ، فَتَلاَ هَذِهِ الآيَةَ: ﴿إِلاَّ أَنْ يَعْفُوْنَ أَوْ يَعْفُوَ الَّذِي بِيَدِهِ عُقْدَةَ النِّكَاحِ﴾ [البَقَرَةُ: ٢٣٧] . فَقَالَ: أَنَا أَحَقُّ بِالعَفْوِ مِنْهَا. فَسَلَّمَ إِلَيْهَا الصَّدَاقَ كَامِلاً.
(١) لفظ " أمية بن " سقط من المطبوع. (٢) رواية البيت في " الديوان " ص: ٣٢٦: ولو أن مجدا أخلد الدهر واحدا * من الناس أبقى مجده الدهر مطعما والبيتان من قصيدة قالها في رثاء المطعم بن عدي، ومطلعها: أعين ألا ابكي سيد الناس واسفحي * بدمع فإن أنزفته فاسكبي الدما (٣) أخرجه البيهقي في " سننه " ٧ / ٢٥١ من طريق أبي العباس محمد بن يعقوب، عن يحيى ابن أبي طالب، عن عبد الوهاب بن عطاء بهذا الإسناد، وأخرجه الطبري برقم (٥٣٢١) من طريق عبد الرحمن بن مهدي، عن عبد الله بن جعفر، عن واصل بن أبي سعيد، عن محمد بن جبير بن مطعم أن أباه تزوج امرأة، ثم طلقها قبل أن يدخل بها، فأرسل بالصداق، وقال: أنا أحق بالعفو

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