Siyar Aʿlām al-Nubalāʾ - Shams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi - (3/20)

Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

from Ziyad (1) ibn Kusayb, who said:
“I was with Abu Bakrah beneath the pulpit of Ibn ʿAmir while he was delivering the sermon, and he was dressed in very thin garments.
Abu Bilal remarked, ‘Look at your governor wearing the clothes of profligates!’
Abu Bakrah replied, ‘Be quiet. I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: Whoever demeans the authority that Allah has placed upon the earth, Allah will demean him.’ (2)
Abu Bilal was Mirdas ibn Udayyah, one of the Kharijites.
Khalifah (3) said: In the year 29 AH, ʿUthman dismissed Abu Musa from Basra and ʿUthman ibn Abi al-ʿAs from Fars, merging both provinces under Ibn ʿAmir.
Al-Hasan narrated: Ibn ʿAmir set out on campaign with Ibn Budayl commanding the vanguard. He reached Isfahan, whose people concluded a peace treaty with him. He then advanced toward Khurasan with al-Ahnaf at the head of the army, and he conquered it—some parts by force, others by agreement.
Al-Zuhri said: Yazdegerd marched with one hundred thousand men and encamped at Marw. He appointed a man over Istakhr, but Ibn ʿAmir advanced upon it and captured the city.
He continued: Yazdegerd and those with him were killed at Marw. Ibn ʿAmir then camped at Abrashahr, where the two daughters of Chosroes resided; he besieged the city, and they sought terms of peace.
He sent al-Ahnaf on ahead, and the people of Herat concluded a treaty with him.
He dispatched Hatim (4) ibn al-Nuʿman al-Bahili to Marw, whose inhabitants also made peace. Thereafter he entered the state of ihram at Nishapur and journeyed to Mecca in gratitude to Allah.
He had previously opened Kerman and Sijistan (5).

(1) The original manuscript reads “Yazid,” which is incorrect. (2) Related by al-Tayalisi, Musnad, 2/167; Ahmad, 5/42 and 49; and al-Tirmidhi, no. 2224, who graded it hasan, a judgement that is sound. It is also quoted by Ibn Asakir in his Tarikh, 9/231. (3) Tarikh, p. 161. (4) The original text has “Ghanim b. al-Nuʿman,” which is an error. (5) Ibn Asakir transmits the fuller version from al-Zuhri, 9/232/1. Marw, Istakhr, Abr Shahr, Herat, Kirman, and Sijistan are well-known Persian cities; see Yaqut, Muʿjam al-buldan, and for their conquest, al-Tabari, Tarikh, 4/293 ff.

زِيَادِ (١) بنِ كُسَيْبٍ، قَالَ: كُنْتُ مَعَ أَبِي بَكْرَةَ تَحْتَ مِنْبَرِ ابْنِ عَامِرٍ وَهُوَ يَخْطُبُ، وَعَلَيْهِ ثِيَابٌ رِقَاقٌ. فَقَالَ أَبُو بِلاَلٍ: انْظُرُوا إِلَى أَمِيْرِكُم يَلْبِسُ ثِيَابَ الفُسَّاقِ. فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرَةَ: اسْكُتْ، سَمِعْتُ رَسُوْلَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُوْلُ: (مَنْ أَهَانَ سُلْطَانَ اللهِ فِي الأَرْضِ أَهَانَهُ اللهُ (٢)) . أَبُو بِلاَلٍ: هُوَ مِرْدَاسُ بنُ أُدَيَّةَ، مِنَ الخَوَارِجِ. قَالَ خَلِيْفَةُ (٣) : وَفِي سَنَةِ تِسْعٍ وَعِشْرِيْنَ عَزَلَ عُثْمَانُ أَبَا مُوْسَى عَنِ البَصْرَةِ، وَعُثْمَانَ بنَ أَبِي العَاصِ عَنْ فَارِسٍ، وَجَمَعَهُمَا لابْنِ عَامِرٍ. وَعَنِ الحَسَنِ، قَالَ: غَزَا ابْنُ عَامِرٍ، وَعَلَى مُقَدَّمَتِهِ ابْنُ بُدَيْلٍ، فَأَتَى أَصْبَهَانَ، فَصَالَحُوْهُ، وَتَوَجَّهَ إِلَى خُرَاسَانَ عَلَى مُقَدَّمَتِهِ الأَحْنَفُ، فَافْتَتَحَهَا -يَعْنِي: بَعْضَهَا عَنْوَةً، وَبَعْضَهَا صُلْحاً -. وَقَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ: خَرَجَ يَزْدَجِرْدُ فِي مائَةِ أَلْفٍ، فَنَزَلَ مَرْوَ، وَاسْتَعْمَلَ عَلَى إِصْطَخْرَ رَجُلاً، فَأَتَاهَا ابْنُ عَامِرٍ، فَافْتَتَحَهَا. قَالَ: وَقُتِلَ يَزْدَجِرْدُ وَمَنْ كَانَ مَعَهُ بِمَرْوَ، وَنَزَلَ ابْنُ عَامِرٍ بِأَبْرَشَهْرَ، وَبِهَا بِنْتَا كِسْرَى، فَحَاصَرَهَا، فَصَالَحُوْهُ. وَبَعَثَ الأَحْنَفَ، فَصَالَحَهُ أَهْلُ هَرَاةَ. وَبَعَثَ حَاتِمَ (٤) بنَ النُّعْمَانِ البَاهِلِيَّ إِلَى مَرْوَ، فَصَالَحُوْهُ، ثُمَّ سَارَ مُعْتَمِراً مِنْ نَيْسَابُوْرَ إِلَى مَكَّةَ شُكْراً للهِ. وَقَدِ افْتَتَحَ كَرْمَانَ، وَسِجِسْتَانَ (٥) .

(١) في الأصل يزيد، وهو خطأ. (٢) أخرجه الطيالسي في " مسنده " ٢ / ١٦٧، وأحمد ٥ / ٤٢ و٤٩، والترمذي (٢٢٢٤) وحسنه، وهو كما قال. وأخرجه ابن عساكر في " تاريخه " ٩ / ٢٣١. (٣) في " تاريخه ": ١٦١. (٤) في الأصل: غانم بن النعمان، وهو خطأ. (٥) أورده ابن عساكر عن الزهري مطولا ٩ / ٢٣٢ / ١. ومرو وإصطخر وأبر شهر وهراة وكرمان وسجستان: من بلدان فارس الشهيرة، انظرها في " معجم البلدان "، وانظر فتوحها في " تاريخ الطبري ": ٤ / ٢٩٣ وما بعدها.