or I will send you back to the land of Daws.
He also said to Kaʿb, “You must give up narrating hadith, or I will banish you to the land of the apes.” (1)
Yahya ibn Ayyub narrated from Ibn ʿAjlān that Abu Hurayrah used to say, “I relate traditions; had I voiced them during ʿUmar’s lifetime, he would have split my head open.” (2)
I say: This was indeed ʿUmar—may Allah be pleased with him—who would say, “Reduce your narration from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.”
He reprimanded more than one Companion for spreading hadith, and this was a position held by ʿUmar and others.
So, by Allah, if in ʿUmar’s reign people were barred from excessive narration despite their truthfulness, integrity, and the fact that the reports were still fresh and free of long chains of transmission, then what
(1) Abū Zurʿa al-Dimashqī records it in his History (no. 1475) through the chain: Muḥammad b. Zurʿa al-Ruʿaynī → Marwān b. Muḥammad → Saʿīd b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz → Ismāʿīl b. ʿUbayd Allāh → al-Sāʾib b. Yazīd, who said: “I heard ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb say to Abū Hurayra: ‘Either you abandon reporting hadith from the Messenger of Allah, or I will banish you to the land of Daws.’ He also said to Kaʿb: ‘Either you stop circulating these reports, or I will exile you to the land of the apes.’ ”
The chain is sound. Abū Zurʿa states in his History 1/286 that Muḥammad b. Zurʿa was a trustworthy ḥāfiẓ among the companions of al-Walīd b. Muslim; he died in 216/831. Marwān b. Muḥammad al-Ṭāṭarī is reliable, as noted in al-Taqrīb, and the remaining transmitters belong to the ranks of the Ṣaḥīḥ collections.
Ibn Kathīr cites the report in al-Bidāya 8/106 via Abū Zurʿa; there, Ismāʿīl b. ʿUbayd Allāh is mistakenly written “ʿAbd Allāh.” It also appears in Ibn ʿAsākir’s Tārīkh 19/117/2.
After presenting the narration, Ibn Kathīr comments that ʿUmar’s stance reflects his fear that people might quote hadith out of context, emphasize reports granting concessions, or fall into error through excessive narration, errors that others would then transmit from them.
(2) Ibn Kathīr also reports a version in al-Bidāya from Ibn Wahb → Yaḥyā b. Ayyūb. Its transmitters are trustworthy, but the chain is broken, for Ibn ʿAjlān never met Abū Hurayra.
Al-Muṣannaf (no. 20496) relates: ʿAbd al-Razzāq → Maʿmar → al-Zuhrī, who said: When ʿUmar assumed the caliphate, Abū Hurayra would say: “Limit your narrations from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to what is actually practised.” He would then add, “Would I have dared relate these hadiths to you while ʿUmar was alive? By Allah, the whip-lashes would certainly have struck my back.”