Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

O Abū Isḥāq, whenever a servant devotes himself wholly to the worship of Allah, Allah shoulders for him the worries of this world.

Kaʿb said, “For in the revealed Book of Allah it is written: Whoever gathers all his anxieties into a single concern—making that concern obedience to Allah—Allah will relieve him of whatever troubles him and will enlist the heavens and the earth on his behalf. His provision is then guaranteed by Allah, while his deeds are for his own soul. But whoever scatters his worries, placing an anxiety in every valley, Allah will not care in which of those valleys he perishes.”

I say: Part of freeing oneself for worship is to seek lawful means of livelihood, especially for one who has dependents.

The Prophet ﷺ said, “The best thing a man can eat is what he earns with his own hand.” (1)

As for the one who is unable to earn because of weakness or lack of skill, Allah has allotted him a share in the zakat.

Ibn Abī ʿĀṣim said: ʿAmr ibn ʿUthmān narrated to us; my father narrated to us; Khālid ibn Muḥammad al-Kindī—who is the father of Aḥmad ibn Khālid al-Wahbī—narrated to us; he heard Abū al-Zāhiriyyah say, “I heard Abū Thaʿlabah say:

‘I hope that Allah will not make me die by strangulation as I see you dying by strangulation.’

While he was praying in the depths of the night, he was taken—passing away in prostration. His daughter sensed that her father had died, so she awoke in alarm and called to her mother, ‘Where is my father?’

She replied, ‘He is in—’ ”

(1) Reported by al-Tabarani in both al-Muʿjam al-Kabir and al-Muʿjam al-Awsat on the authority of Ibn ʿUmar with the wording: “The best income is what a man gains with his own hand, and every honest sale.” Al-Haythami notes that its transmitters are reliable (Majmaʿ al-zawaʾid, 4/61). A parallel narration from Rafiʿ ibn Khadij appears in Ahmad (4/141) and al-Hakim (2/10) as: “The purest income is what a man gains with his own hand, and every honest sale”; its chain is sound for corroborative purposes. Another version from ʿAʾisha is found in al-Nasaʾi (7/240–241): “The best food a man eats is from his own earnings, and his child is part of his earning.” The hadith is also recorded by al-Tirmidhi (no. 1358), Ibn Majah (no. 2137) and Abu Dawud (no. 3528). Al-Bukhari (4/259) transmits, on the authority of al-Miqdam, that the Prophet said: “No one has ever eaten food better than what he eats from the work of his own hand; indeed, the Prophet of Allah David used to eat from the work of his own hand.”
إِسْحَاقَ! مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ تَفَرَّغَ لِعِبَادَةِ اللهِ، إِلاَّ كَفَاهُ اللهُ مَؤُوْنَةَ الدُّنْيَا. قَالَ كَعْبٌ: فَإِنَّ فِي كِتَابِ اللهِ المُنْزَلِ: مَنْ جَعَلَ الهُمَوْمَ هَمّاً وَاحِداً، فَجَعَلَهُ فِي طَاعَةِ اللهِ، كَفَاهُ اللهُ مَا هَمَّهُ، وَضَمِنَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأَرْضَ، فَكَانَ رِزْقُهُ عَلَى اللهِ، وَعَمَلُهُ لِنَفْسِهِ، وَمَنْ فَرَّقَ هُمُوْمَهُ، فَجَعَلَ فِي كُلِّ وَادٍ هَمّاً، لَمْ يُبَالِ اللهُ فِي أَيِّهَا هَلَكَ. قُلْتُ: مِنَ التَّفُرُّغِ لِلْعِبَادَةِ السَّعْيُ فِي السَّبَبِ، وَلاَ سِيَّمَا لِمَنْ لَهُ عِيَالٌ. قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ: (إِنَّ أَفْضَلَ مَا أَكَلَ الرَّجُلُ مِنْ كَسْبِ يَمْيِنِهِ (١)) . أَمَّا مَنْ يَعْجِزُ عَنِ السَّبَبِ لِضَعْفٍ، أَوْ لِقِلَّةِ حِيْلَةٍ، فَقَدْ جَعَلَ اللهُ لَهُ حَظّاً فِي الزَّكَاةِ. ابْنُ أَبِي عَاصِمٍ: حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بنُ عُثْمَانَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدُ بنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الكِنْدِيُّ - وَهُوَ وَالِدُ أَحْمَدَ بنِ خَالِدٍ الوَهْبِيِّ - سَمِعَ أَبَا الزَّاهِرِيَّةِ، سَمِعْتُ أَبَا ثَعْلَبَةَ يَقُوْلُ: إِنِّي لأَرْجُو أَلاَّ يَخْنُقُنِي اللهُ كَمَا أَرَاكُمْ تُخْنَقُوْنَ. فَبَيْنَا هُوَ يُصَلِّي فِي جَوْفِ اللَّيْلِ، قُبِضَ وَهُوَ سَاجِدٌ، فَرَأَتْ بِنْتُهُ أَنَّ أَبَاهَا قَدْ مَاتَ، فَاسْتَيْقَظَتْ فَزِعَةً، فَنَادَتْ أُمَّهَا: أَيْنَ أَبِي. قَالَتْ: فِي
(١) أخرجه الطبراني في " الكبير " و" الأوسط " من حديث ابن عمر بلفظ " أفضل الكسب عمل الرجل بيده، وكل بيع مبرور " ورجاله ثقات كما قال الهيثمي في " المجمع " ٤ / ٦١، وفي الباب عن رافع بن خديج عند أحمد ٤ / ١٤١، والحاكم ٢ / ١٠ بلفظ: " أطيب الكسب عمل الرجل بيده، وكل بيع مبرور " وسنده حسن في الشواهد، وعن عائشة عند النسائي ٧ / ٢٤٠، ٢٤١ بلفظ: " إن أطيب ما أكل الرجل من كسبه وإن ولده من كسبه " وأخرجه الترمذي (١٣٥٨) وابن ماجه (٢١٣٧) وأبو داود (٣٥٢٨) وأخرج البخاري ٤ / ٢٥٩ من حديث المقدام ﵁ عن النبي ﷺ: " ما أكل أحد طعاما قط خيرا من أن يأكل من عمل يده، وإن نبي الله داود كان يأكل عن عمل يده ".

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