ibn Hishām. ʿUmar said, “I declared, ‘If Allah ever gives me power over them, I shall certainly deal with them as they deserve.’ Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, ‘My situation with you is like what Joseph said to his brothers: “No blame will there be upon you today; may Allah forgive you” (Yūsuf 92).’ I was overcome with shame before the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. (1)

Mālik related—from Ibn Shihāb—that word reached him about certain women who had accepted Islam while their husbands remained unbelievers—among them the daughter of al-Walīd ibn al-Mughīrah, who was the wife of Ṣafwān ibn Umayyah. She embraced Islam on the Day of the Conquest, whereas he had fled. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent his cousin to Ṣafwān with the Prophet’s own cloak as a guarantee of safety, inviting him to accept Islam and to come to him; if he agreed, well and good, otherwise the Prophet would grant him two months’ respite.

When Ṣafwān arrived before the Prophet ﷺ he called out in the presence of the people, “Muḥammad! This man has brought me your cloak, and you have invited me to come to you; if I consent, fine, but if not you will give me two months.” The Prophet replied, “Dismount, Abū Wahb.” Ṣafwān said, “By Allah, not until you make the matter clear to me.” He answered, “You have four months’ respite.”

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then set out toward the Hawāzin at Ḥunayn and sent to Ṣafwān asking to borrow the equipment and weapons in his possession. Ṣafwān asked, “Willingly or under compulsion?” The Prophet said, “No—willingly.” Ṣafwān thereupon accompanied him while still an unbeliever; he was present at Ḥunayn and at al-Ṭāʾif as a disbeliever, while his wife was a Muslim. The Prophet did not separate them until Ṣafwān embraced Islam, after which she remained with him under that same marriage. (2)

In Ibn ʿUqbah’s al-Maghāzī it is recorded that Ṣafwān fled, heading for the coast, and ʿUmayr ibn Wahb ibn Khalf came to the Messenger of Allah requesting a guarantee of safety for Ṣafwān, saying, “He has run away…"