Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

and she said, “They will soon notice that I am missing.”

When Safwān arrived he saw her—he had known her from before the command to veil, which had been revealed about a year earlier. He exclaimed, “Surely we belong to Allah and to Him we return!” and spoke no other word. He made his camel kneel, mounted her upon it, and set off leading the animal until they caught up with the people, who were camped in the heat of the forenoon. It was then that the slander-mongers began to speak, displaying their ignorance, until Allah sent down the verses proclaiming her innocence (1)—praise belongs to Allah.

Safwān used to say, “Never in my life have I uncovered the privacy of any woman” (2).

Two hadiths are reported from him. Among those who transmitted from him are Saʿīd ibn al-Musayyib, Abū Bakr ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, Saʿīd al-Maqburī, and Salām Abū ʿĪsā, but their reports are mursal; in my view they did not meet him, assuming he died in 19 AH.

Ibn Saʿd said: “Safwān ibn al-Muʿaṭṭal accepted Islam before the campaign of al-Muraysīʿ (3) and served as the rear-guard of the Prophet ﷺ …” until he stated: “He died at Sumaysāṭ (4) toward the end of Muʿāwiyah’s caliphate; Muḥammad ibn ʿUmar informed me of that.”
Khalīfah said: “He died in the vicinity of Sumaysāṭ in al-Jazīrah, and his grave is there.”

(1) The hadith of al-ifk (the Slander) was cited earlier on p. 159, note (5), in the biography of Lady Aisha. (2) Here the particle inna carries the sense of ma (negation). The report is found in Sahih al-Bukhari 7/335 and 8/385, and in Sahih Muslim no. 2770 (57). See also al-Isaba 5/153. (3) Al-Muraysi is a water source belonging to the tribe of Khuzaa, about a day’s march from al-Fara on the Madina side. In 5 AH the Prophet ﷺ fought the Banu al-Mustaliq there, hence the engagement is called the Expedition of Banu al-Mustaliq. See Ibn Hisham, Sirah, 2/213. (4) It is a town on the western bank of the Euphrates, at the frontier of Byzantine lands.
وَقَالَتْ: سَوْفَ يَفْقِدُوْنَنِي. فَلَمَّا جَاءَ صَفْوَانُ، رَآهَا، وَكَانَ يَرَاهَا قَبْلَ الحِجَابِ، وَكَانَ الحِجَابُ قَدْ نَزَلَ مِنْ نَحْوِ سَنَةٍ. فَقَالَ: إِنَّا للهِ وَإِنَّا إِلَيْهِ رَاجِعُوْنَ! لَمْ يَنْطِقْ بِغَيْرِهَا، وَأَنَاخَ بَعِيْرَهُ، وَرَكَّبَهَا، وَسَارَ يَقُوْدُ بِهَا، حَتَّى لَحِقَ النَّاسَ نَازِلِيْنَ فِي المَضْحَى، فَتَكَلَّمَ أَهْلُ الإِفْكِ، وَجَهِلُوْا، حَتَّى أَنْزَلَ اللهُ الآيَاتِ فِي بَرَاءتِهَا (١) - وَللهِ الحَمْدُ -. وَقَالَ صَفْوَانُ: إِنْ كَشَفْتُ كَنَفَ أُنْثَى قَطُّ (٢) . وَقَدْ رُوِيَ لَهُ حَدِيْثَانِ. حَدَّثَ عَنْهُ: سَعِيْدُ بنُ المُسَيِّبِ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ بنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، وَسَعِيْدٌ المَقْبُرِيُّ، وَسَلاَمٌ أَبُو عِيْسَى، وَرِوَايَتُهُمْ عَنْهُ مُرْسَلَةٌ، لَمْ يَلْحَقُوْهُ فِيْمَا أَرَى، إِنْ كَانَ مَاتَ سَنَةَ تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ. قَالَ ابْنُ سَعْدٍ: أَسْلَمَ صَفْوَانُ بنُ المُعَطَّلِ قَبْلَ المُرَيْسِيْعِ (٣) ، وَكَانَ عَلَى سَاقَةِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ ... ، إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ: مَاتَ بِسُمَيْسَاطَ (٤) ، فِي آخِرِ خِلاَفَةِ مُعَاوِيَةَ، حَدَّثَنِي بِذَلِكَ مُحَمَّدُ بنُ عُمَرَ. وَقَالَ خَلِيْفَةُ: مَاتَ بِنَاحِيَةِ سُمَيْسَاطَ مِنَ الجَزِيْرَةِ، وَقَبْرُهُ هُنَاكَ.
(١) حديث الافك تقدم تخريجه في الصفحة (١٥٩) ت (٥) في ترجمة السيدة عائشة. (٢) " إن " بمعنى " ما " والخبر في البخاري ٧ / ٣٣٥ و٨ / ٣٨٥، ومسلم (٢٧٧٠) (٥٧) وانظر " الإصابة " ٥ / ١٥٣. (٣) المريسيع: ماء لبني خزاعة بينه وبين الفرع موضع من ناحية المدينة مسيرة يوم، كانت به غزوة بين النبي ﷺ وبين بني المصطلق سنة خمس، وتسمى غزوة بني المصطلق. انظر " سيرة ابن هشام " ٢ / ٢١٣. (٤) هي مدينة على شاطئ الفرات في غربيه في طرف بلاد الروم.

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