Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

ʿUthmān ibn Abī al-ʿĀtikah said: “The enemy began pelting the people with naphtha, so Muʿāwiyah remarked, ‘Since they have done that, do the same to them.’ Both sides then started hurling it at one another. A Byzantine soldier readied himself to lob a cauldron(1) of it onto Abū al-Ghādiya’s ship, but Abū al-Ghādiya shot him with an arrow and killed him. The cauldron fell into their own vessel, which went up in flames with everyone aboard—three hundred men in all. People used to say, ‘One arrow from Abū al-Ghādiya killed three hundred souls.’ I have found no record of Abū al-Ghādiya’s death.

115 – Safwān ibn al-Muʿaṭṭal ibn Raḥaḍah ibn al-Muʾammal al-Sulamī *
Abū ʿAmr al-Sulamī, later called al-Dhakwānī, the man whose innocence in the affair of the Slander was proclaimed.

In that incident the Prophet ﷺ said about him, “I know nothing about him but good.”

He was riding in the rear guard of the army when he noticed the shape of a person. Drawing nearer, he saw that it was the Mother of the Believers ʿĀʾishah, who had gone off to relieve herself. Her necklace had broken, and she had returned to look for it. In the meantime the people set out, lifting her howdah in the belief that she was inside it—she was young, only twelve years old—and they moved on. ʿĀʾishah then returned to the campsite, found no one there, and sat down.

(1) al-tanjir: an Arabicized term for a copper cooking pot; in Persian it is called batil. (*) Bibliography: Musnad Ahmad, 5:312; Tabaqat Khalifah, 51, 181, 381; Tarikh Khalifah, 226; al-Tarikh al-Kabir, 4:305; Tarikh al-Fasawi, 1:309; al-Jarh wa-l-Ta'dil, 4:420; Mu'jam al-Tabarani, 8:61, 63; al-Mustadrak, 3:518; al-Isti'ab, 2:725; Ibn Asakir, 8:174/1; Usd al-Ghabah, 3:30; Tarikh al-Islam, 2:27; al-Ibar, 1:23; Majma' al-Zawa'id, 9:363; al-Isabah, 5:152; Kanz al-Ummal, 13:436; Tahdhib Ibn Asakir, 6:440; Siyar, 2:35.
قَالَ عُثْمَانُ بنُ أَبِي العَاتِكَةِ: رَمَى العَدُوُّ النَّاسَ بِالنِّفْطِ، فَقَالَ مُعَاوِيَةُ: أَمَا إِذْ فَعَلُوْهَا، فَافْعَلُوْا. فَكَانُوا يَتَرَامَوْنَ بِهَا، فَتَهَيَّأَ رُوْمِيٌّ لِرَمْيِ سَفِيْنَةَ أَبِي الغَادِيَةِ فِي طِنْجِيْرٍ (١) ، فَرَمَاهُ أَبُو الغَادِيَةِ بِسَهْمٍ، فَقَتَلَهُ، وَخَرَّ الطِّنْجِيْرُ فِي سَفِيْنَتِهِمْ، فَاحْتَرَقَتْ بِأَهْلِهَا. كَانُوا ثَلاَثَ مائَةٍ. فَكَانَ يُقَالُ: رَمْيَةُ سَهْمِ أَبِي الغَادِيَةِ قَتَلَتْ ثَلاَثَ مائَةِ نَفْسٍ. لَمْ أَجِدْ لأَبِي الغَادِيَةِ وَفَاةً. ١١٥ - صَفْوَانُ بنُ المُعَطَّلِ بنِ رَحَضَةَ بنِ المُؤَمَّلِ السُّلَمِيُّ * أَبُو عَمْرٍو السُّلَمِيُّ، ثُمَّ الذَّكْوَانِيُّ، المَذْكُوْرُ بِالبَرَاءةِ مِنَ الإِفْكِ. وَفِي قِصَّةِ الإِفْكِ، قَالَ فِيْهِ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ: (مَا عَلِمْتُ إِلاَّ خَيْراً) . وَكَانَ يَسِيْرُ فِي سَاقَةِ الجَيْشِ، فَمَرَّ، فَرَأَى سَوَادَ إِنْسَانٍ، فَقَرُبَ، فَإِذَا هُوَ بِأُمِّ المُؤْمِنِيْنَ عَائِشَةَ، قَدْ ذَهَبَتْ لِحَاجَتِهَا، فَانْقَطَعَ لَهَا عِقْدٌ، فَرُدَّتْ تُفَتِّشُ عَلَيْهِ، وَحَمَلَ النَّاسُ، فَحَمَلُوْا هَوْدَجَهَا يَظُنُّوْنَهَا فِيْهِ، وَكَانَتْ صَغِيْرَةً، لَهَا اثْنَا عَشَرَ عَاماً، وَسَارُوْا، فَرُدَّتْ إِلَى المَنْزِلَةِ، فَلَمْ تَلْقَ أَحَداً، فَقَعَدْتْ،
(١) الطنجير: قدر نحاسي معرب، وفارسيته: باتيل. (*) مسند أحمد: ٥ / ٣١٢، طبقات خليفه: ٥١، ١٨١، ٣٨١، تاريخ خليفة: ٢٢٦، التاريخ الكبير: ٤ / ٣٠٥، تاريخ الفسوي: ١ / ٣٠٩، الجرح والتعديل ٤ / ٤٢٠، معجم الطبراني ٨ / ٦١، ٦٣، المستدرك: ٣ / ٥١٨، الاستيعاب: ٢ / ٧٢٥، ابن عساكر: ٨ / ١٧٤ / ١، أسد الغابة: ٣ / ٣٠، تاريخ الإسلام: ٢ / ٢٧، العبر: ١ / ٢٣، مجمع الزوائد: ٩ / ٣٦٣، الإصابة: ٥ / ١٥٢، كنز العمال: ١٣ / ٤٣٦، تهذيب ابن عساكر: ٦ / ٤٤٠. سير ٢ / ٣٥

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