He replied, “Tell me: if you were to see someone who performs the prayer for another person, or fasts for him, or gives charity for him—would you consider that he has fallen into shirk?”

They said, “Yes.”

He said, “Indeed, I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: ‘Whoever performs the prayer for show has committed shirk; whoever fasts for show has committed shirk; and whoever gives charity for show has committed shirk.’ ”

ʿAwf then asked, “Does not Allah look to that portion of the deed that was done solely for His Face, accept it, and leave aside whatever part was tainted by shirk?”

Shaddād replied, “I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ relate from Allah, Who said: ‘I am the best of partners. Whoever associates something with Me—his very body and his deeds, whether little or much—are handed over to the partner with whom he associated Me; I am completely free of him.’ (1)

Concerning Shaddād: Muslim, Aḥmad, and al-Nasāʾī all give his kunyah as Abū Yaʿlā.

Ibn Jawṣāʾ (2) said: Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAmr ibn Muḥammad ibn Shaddād ibn Aws al-Anṣārī narrated to me; my father narrated to me; my father narrated to me from his father, from his grandfather, who said:

“The kunyah of Shaddād ibn Aws is Abū Yaʿlā.
He had five children, among them his daughter Khazraj, who married into the Azd. His eldest son was Yaʿlā, followed by Muḥammad, then ʿAbd al-Wahhāb, and al-Mundhir.
Shaddād died leaving ʿAbd al-Wahhāb and al-Mundhir while they were still young, and all of them except Yaʿlā left descendants.”