Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

Should they live on and I remain alive, events will unfold
that make the unbelievers wail with a clamour beyond all clamour.

Sulaymān ibn Muʿādh al-Ḍabbī narrated from Simāk, from Jābir ibn Samurah, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ declared, “In Mecca there is a stone that used to greet me on the nights I was first commissioned; I still recognize it even now.” Related by Abū Dāwūd.

Yaḥyā ibn Abī Kathīr said: Abū Salamah related to us, “I asked Jābir, ‘Which portion of the Qur’an was revealed first: O you who are wrapped [in your mantle] (74:1) or Recite in the name of your Lord (96:1)?’ He replied, ‘Shall I not tell you what the Messenger of Allah ﷺ told me? He said: “I spent a month in retreat in Ḥirā’. When my seclusion ended, I descended and made my way into the valley. I was then called, so I looked before me, behind me, to my right and to my left, but saw nothing. I lifted my gaze to the sky, and there he was—the angel—upon a throne suspended in mid-air. A tremor seized me, and I went to Khadījah and said, ‘Cover me, wrap me up.’ They wrapped me, then poured water over me, and Allah revealed: O you who are wrapped up, arise and warn (74:1–2).”’

Al-Zuhrī narrated from Abū Salamah, from Jābir: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ speak about the pause in revelation. He said, “While I was walking, I heard a voice from the sky. I lifted my head, and there was the angel who had come to me at Ḥirā’, seated upon a chair between heaven and earth. I was overcome with fear and returned, saying, ‘Cover me, wrap me up.’ Then the verses were sent down: O you who are wrapped up, arise and warn … and shun defilement (74:1–5)—meaning the idols.” Agreed upon.

This text makes clear that O you who are wrapped up was revealed after the first period of revelation, which had begun with Recite in the name of your Lord. The first revelation conferred prophethood, and the second bestowed the mission of messengership.

فإن يبقوا وأبق تكن أمور ... يضج الكافرون لا ضجيجا وقال سليمان بن معاذ الضبي، عن سماك، عن جابر بن سمرة، قال: قال رسول الله ﷺ: "إن بمكة لحجرا يسلم عليّ ليالي بعثت إني لأعرفه الآن". رواه أبو داود. وقال يحيى بن أبي كثير: حدثنا أبو سلمة، قال: سألت جابرا: أي القرآن أنزل أول ﴿يَا أَيُّهَا الْمُدَّثِّرُ﴾ [المدثر: ١] ، أو ﴿اقْرَأْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ﴾ [العلق: ١] ؟ فقال: ألا أحدثكم بما حدثني به رسول الله ﷺ؟ قال: "إني جاورت بحراء شهرا، فلما قضيت جواري نزلت فاستبطنت الوادي فنوديت فنظرت أمامي وخلفي، وعن يميني وشمالي، فلم أر شيئا، ثم نظرت إلى السماء، فإذا هو على عرش في الهواء -يعني الملك- فأخذني رجفة، فأتيت خديجة، فأمرتهم فدثروني، ثم صبوا عليّ الماء، فأنزل الله ﴿يَا أَيُّهَا الْمُدَّثِّرُ، قُمْ فَأَنْذِرْ﴾ ". [المدثر: ١، ٢] . وقال الزهري، عن أبي سلمة، عن جابر: سمعت رسول الله ﷺ يحدث عن فترة الوحي، قال: "بينا أنا أمشي إذ سمعت صوتا من السماء، فرفعت رأسي، فإذا الملك الذي جاءني بحراء جالس على كرسي بين السماء والأرض، فجئثت منه رعبا، فرجعت، فقلت: زملوني فدثروني، ونزلت: ﴿يَا أَيُّهَا الْمُدَّثِّرُ﴾ إلى قوله: ﴿وَالرُّجْزَ فَاهْجُرْ﴾ ". [المدثر: ١-٥] ، وهي الأوثان. متفق عليه. وهو نص في ﴿يَا أَيُّهَا الْمُدَّثِّرُ﴾ نزلت بعد فترة الوحي الأول، ﴿اقْرَأْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ﴾ فكان الوحي الأول للنبوة والثاني للرسالة.

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