Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

He is counted among those who recited the Qur’an directly before the Prophet ﷺ, and we have never come across a single report that he recited before anyone else. He is also numbered among those who had gathered the entire Qur’an during the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. In Damascus he assumed the foremost seat of Qur’an instruction during the caliphate of ʿUthmān—and even prior to that.

Narrators who transmitted from him include: Anas ibn Mālik, Fadālah ibn ʿUbayd, Ibn ʿAbbās, Abū Umāmah, ʿAbd Allah ibn ʿAmr ibn al-ʿĀṣ, and other eminent Companions; together with Jubayr ibn Nufayr, Zayd ibn Wahb, Abū Idrīs al-Khawlānī, ʿAlqamah ibn Qays, Qabīṣah ibn Dhuʾayb; his wife, the scholar Umm al-Dardāʾ; his son, Bilāl ibn Abī al-Dardāʾ; Saʿīd ibn al-Musayyib, ʿAṭāʾ ibn Yasār, Maʿdān ibn Abī Ṭalḥah, Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Sulamī, Khālid ibn Maʿdān, and ʿAbd Allah ibn ʿĀmir al-Yaḥṣubī ⦗1⦘.

It has also been said that Ibn ʿĀmir recited the Qur’an to him and caught up with him; if that report is sound, then he probably recited only part of the Qur’an to him while still a boy.

Among those who read the Qur’an to him were ʿAṭiyyah ibn Qays and Umm al-Dardāʾ.

Abū ʿAmr al-Dānī states: “Those who presented their recitation to him were Khulayḍ ibn Saʿd, Rāshid ibn Saʿd, Khālid ibn Maʿdān, and Ibn ʿĀmir.” Such are al-Dānī’s words.

He also served as judge in Damascus during the rule of ʿUthmān, making him the earliest of its judges whose name has reached us. His house was at Bāb al-Barīd, and in the era of Sultan Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn it came to be known as the House of the Ghazzī ⦗2⦘.

(1) He was the leading Qurʾan reciter of Greater Syria; the chain of reading masters there culminated with him. Counted among the seven famous and reliable readers, he died in 118 AH. (2) See Ibn ʿAsakir, Tarikh Dimashq, vol. 2, p. 138 (Syrian Academy of Sciences, Damascus). Abu Zurʿa also records in his Tarikh, nos. 142 and 215: “Abu Mushir ʿAbd al-Aʿla b. Mushir narrated to us, saying: Saʿid b. ʿAbd al-ʿAziz related that ʿUmar appointed Abu al-Darda as judge—meaning in Damascus—and the judge served as deputy for the emir when he was absent.”
وَهُوَ مَعْدُوْدٌ فِيْمَنْ تَلاَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَلَمْ يَبْلُغْنَا أَبَداً أَنَّهُ أَقْرَأَ عَلَى غَيْرِهِ. وَهُوَ مَعْدُوْدٌ فِيْمَنْ جَمَعَ القُرْآنَ فِي حَيَاةِ رَسُوْلِ اللهِ ﷺ. وَتَصَدَّرَ لِلإِقْرَاءِ بِدِمَشْقَ فِي خِلاَفَةِ عُثْمَانَ، وَقَبْلَ ذَلِكَ. رَوَى عَنْهُ: أَنَسُ بنُ مَالِكٍ، وَفَضَالَةُ بنُ عُبَيْدٍ، وَابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ، وَأَبُو أُمَامَةَ، وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بنُ عَمْرِو بنِ العَاصِ، وَغَيْرُهُمْ مِنْ جِلَّةِ الصَّحَابَةِ، وَجُبَيْرُ بنُ نُفَيْرٍ، وَزَيْدُ بنُ وَهْبٍ، وَأَبُو إِدْرِيْسَ الخَوْلاَنِيُّ، وَعَلْقَمَةُ بنُ قَيْسٍ، وَقَبِيْصَةُ بنُ ذُؤَيْبٍ، وَزَوْجَتُهُ؛ أُمُّ الدَّرْدَاءِ العَالِمَةُ، وَابْنُهُ؛ بِلاَلُ بنُ أَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ، وَسَعِيْدُ بنُ المُسَيِّبِ، وَعَطَاءُ بنُ يَسَارٍ، وَمَعْدَانُ بنُ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ، وَأَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ السُّلَمِيُّ، وَخَالِدُ بنُ مَعْدَانَ، وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بنُ عَامِرٍ اليَحْصُبِيُّ (١) . وَقِيْلَ: إِنَّهُ قَرَأَ عَلَيْهِ القُرْآنَ، وَلَحِقَهُ، فَإِنْ صَحَّ، فَلَعَلَّهُ قَرَأَ عَلَيْهِ بَعْضَ القُرْآنِ وَهُوَ صَبِيٌّ. وَقَرَأَ عَلَيْهِ: عَطِيَّةُ بنُ قَيْسٍ، وَأُمُّ الدَّرْدَاءِ. وَقَالَ أَبُو عَمْرٍو الدَّانِي: عَرَضَ عَلَيْهِ القُرْآنَ: خُلَيْدُ بنُ سَعْدٍ، وَرَاشِدُ بنُ سَعْدٍ، وَخَالِدُ بنُ مَعْدَانَ، وَابْنُ عَامِرٍ. كَذَا قَالَ الدَّانِي. وَوَلِيَ القَضَاءَ بِدِمَشْقَ، فِي دَوْلَةِ عُثْمَانَ، فَهُوَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ ذُكِرَ لَنَا مِنْ قُضَاتِهَا، وَدَارُهُ بِبَابِ البَرِيْدِ، ثُمَّ صَارَتْ فِي دَوْلَةِ السُّلْطَانِ صَلاحِ الدِّيْنَ تُعْرَفُ: بِدَارِ الغَزِّيِّ (٢) .
(١) هو إمام أهل الشام في القراءة، وإليه انتهت مشيخة الاقراء فيها، وهو أحد القراء السبعة المشهورين الثقات، توفي سنة ١١٨ هـ. (٢) انظر " تاريخ دمشق " لابن عساكر، المجلدة الثانية: ١٣٨ طبعة المجمع العلمي بدمشق. وأخرج أبو زرعة في " تاريخه " (١٤٢) و (٢١٥) حدثنا أبو مسهر عبد الأعلى بن مسهر قال: حدثنا سعيد بن عبد العزيز قال: عمر أمر أبا الدرداء على القضاء - يعني بدمشق - وكان القاضي يكون خليفة الأمير إذا غاب.

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