60 – Fāṭimah bint Qays al-Fihriyyah (may Allah be pleased with her)
She was one of the early Emigrant women and the sister of al-Ḍaḥḥāk.
Her first husband was Abū ʿAmr ibn Ḥafṣ ibn al-Mughīrah al-Makhzūmī, who later divorced her. Afterward Muʿāwiyah ibn Abī Sufyān and Abū Jahm each proposed to her. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ advised her and directed her toward Usāmah ibn Zayd, and she married him (1).
She is the narrator of the hadith that says, “There is neither lodging nor maintenance for a woman who has been irrevocably divorced” (2).
She also transmitted the report that contains the story of al-Jassāsah (3).
Among those who narrated from her are al-Shaʿbī, Abū Salamah ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, Abū Bakr ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn al-Ḥārith ibn Hishām, and others.
She died during the caliphate of Muʿāwiyah.
Her hadiths are recorded in all the major collections.
(*) Musnad Ahmad, vol. 6, pp. 373, 411; Ibn Maʿin, Tarikh, no. 739; Khalifah, Tabaqat, p. 335; al-Hakim, al-Mustadrak, vol. 4, pp. 55–56; Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, al-Istiʿab, vol. 4, p. 1901; Ibn al-Athir, Usd al-Ghabah, vol. 7, p. 230; al-Mizzi, Tahdhib al-Kamal, no. 1692; al-Dhahabi, Tarikh al-Islam, vol. 2, p. 310; Ibn Hajar, Tahdhib al-Tahdhib, vol. 12, pp. 443–444; Ibn Hajar, al-Isabah, vol. 13, p. 85; Khulasat Tadhhib al-Kamal, p. 494.
(1) Reported by Muslim (no. 1480) in the Book of Divorce, chapter “A woman divorced thrice has no maintenance”; by Abu Dawud (no. 2284) in the Book of Divorce, chapter “Maintenance for the irrevocably divorced woman”; by al-Tirmidhi (no. 1135) in the Book of Marriage, chapter “A man may not propose after his brother’s proposal”; and by Malik, 2:98–99.
(2) This is an excerpt from the previous hadith; see also al-Bukhari, 9:421–422.
(3) Muslim transmits the complete version under no. 2942 in the Book of Tribulations and Portents of the Hour, chapter “The story of al-Jassasah.”