Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

It is also related by Nāfiʿ, from Ibn ʿUmar. ⦗1⦘

ʿUrwah narrates from ʿĀʾishah, who said:

Barīrah came to me seeking help with her kitābah (contract of manumission); she had not yet paid anything toward it. I said to her, “Go back to your people. If they are willing for me to settle your kitābah on your behalf and for your patronage (walāʾ) to belong to me, I will do so.”

Barīrah conveyed that to them, but they refused and said, “If she wants to regard the payment as charity, let her do so.”

I mentioned this to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he said, “Buy her, then set her free, for patronage belongs only to the one who emancipates.”

He then stood up and declared, “What is the matter with people who impose conditions that are not found in the Book of Allah? Whoever lays down a condition that is not in the Book of Allah has no claim to it—even if he stipulates a hundred such conditions. The condition of Allah is more rightful and more binding.” ⦗2⦘

In another wording recorded in al-Ṣaḥīḥ she said, “I contracted with my people for nine awqiyahs, one awqiyah each year, so help me.”

Another narration states: “He stood among the people, praised Allah, and extolled Him.”

That version continues: “The decree of Allah is more rightful, and the condition of Allah is more secure; patronage belongs only to the one who emancipates.”

Yet another wording says, “What is wrong with some people who say, ‘Free him, O so-and-so, but the patronage is mine’?”

According to one report, she entered while five awqiyahs remained, to be paid over five years, and she said to her

= Zakat; al-Tirmidhi, no. 1256 (Book of Sales); al-Darimi, 2/169. The chain through Amra is related by Malik, al-Muwatta, 3/9, and by al-Bukhari, 5/143 (Book of Manumission). The chain through Mujahid is recorded by Malik, al-Muwatta, 3/9, as cited by al-Suyuti, and by al-Bukhari, 5/138 and 12/41, and by Muslim, no. 1504 (5). (1) Reported by Malik, al-Muwatta, 3/9; al-Bukhari, 4/315 (Book of Sales); and Muslim, no. 1504 (Book of Manumission). (2) Reported by al-Bukhari, 4/310 (Book of Sales), 5/135 and 137 (Book of Mukatab), and 5/138, 239; by Muslim, no. 1504 (6), (7) and (8); by Malik, 3/9; by al-Tirmidhi, no. 2124; by Abu Dawud, nos. 3929–3930; and by al-Nasa’i, 7/305. See also the various transmissions in Ibn al-Athir’s Jami al-Usul, 8/94, 98.
وَيَرْوِيْهِ: نَافِعٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ (١) . عُرْوَةُ: عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، قَالَتْ: جَاءتْنِي بَرِيْرَةُ تَسْتَعِيْنُ فِي كِتَابَتِهَا، وَلَمْ تَكُنْ قَضَتْ شَيْئاً، فَقُلْتُ: ارْجِعِي إِلَى أَهْلِكِ، فَإِنْ أَحَبُّوا أَنْ أَقْضِيَ عَنْكِ كِتَابَتَكِ وَيَكُوْنَ وَلاؤُكِ لِي، فَعَلْتُ. فَذَكَرَتْ بَرِيْرَةُ ذَلِكَ لَهُم، فَأَبَوْا، وَقَالُوا: إِنْ شَاءتْ أَنْ تَحْتَسِبَ، فَلْتَفْعَلْ. فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُوْلِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ: (ابْتَاعِي، فَأَعْتِقِي، فَإِنَّمَا الوَلاَءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ) . ثُمَّ قَامَ، فَقَالَ: (مَا بَالُ أُنَاسٍ يَشْتَرِطُوْنَ شُرُوْطاً لَيْسَتْ فِي كِتَابِ اللهِ، مَنِ اشْتَرَطَ شَرْطاً لَيْسَ فِي كِتَابِ اللهِ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ، وَإِنْ شَرَطَ مائَةَ شَرْطٍ، شَرْطُ اللهِ أَحَقُّ وَأَوْثَقُ (٢)) . وَفِي لَفْظٍ فِي (الصَّحِيْحِ) ، قَالَتْ: كَاتَبْتُ أَهْلِي عَلَى تِسْعِ أَوَاقٍ، كُلُّ عَامٍ أُوْقِيَّةٌ، فَأَعِيْنِيْنِي. وَفِي لَفْظٍ: (قَامَ فِي النَّاسِ، فَحَمِدَ اللهَ، وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ) . وَفِيْهِ: (قَضَاءُ اللهِ أَحَقُّ، وَشَرْطُ اللهُ أَوْثَقُ، وَإِنَّمَا الوَلاَءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ) . وَفِي لَفْظٍ: (مَا بَالُ أَقْوَامٍ يَقُوْلُ أَحَدُهُمْ: أَعْتِقْ يَا فُلاَنُ، وَلِيَ الوَلاَءُ) . وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: دَخَلَتْ وَعَلَيْهَا خَمْسُ أَوَاقٍ فِي خَمْسِ سِنِيْنَ، فَقَالَتْ لَهَا
= الزكاة، والترمذي (١٢٥٦) في البيوع، والدارمي ٢ / ١٦٩، وحديث عمرة عنها أخرجه مالك ٣ / ٩، والبخاري ٥ / ١٤٣ في العتق، وحديث مجاهد عنها أخرجه مالك في " الموطأ " ٣ / ٩ بضرح السيوطي، والبخاري ٥ / ١٣٨ و١٢ / ٤١، ومسلم (١٥٠٤) (٥) . (١) أخرجه مالك في الموطأ ٣ / ٩، والبخاري ٤ / ٣١٥، في البيوع، ومسلم (١٥٠٤) في العتق. (٢) أخرجه البخاري ٤ / ٣١٠ في البيوع، و٥ / ١٣٥ و١٣٧ في المكاتب، و١٣٨، ٢٣٩، ومسلم (١٥٠٤) (٦) و (٧) و (٨) ومالك ٣ / ٩، والترمذي (٢١٢٤) وأبو داود (٣٩٢٩) و (٣٩٣٠) ، والنسائي ٧ / ٣٠٥. وانظر روايات الحديث في " جامع الأصول " ٨ / ٩٤، ٩٨.

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