Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

Abd al-Malik ibn Marwān and others transmitted narrations from her. Ibn Khuzaymah and several other scholars have examined her report and extracted numerous benefits.

ʿAbd al-Wāḥid ibn Ayman narrated, “My father related to us, saying:
‘I entered upon ʿĀʾishah and said, “Mother of the Believers, I used to belong to ʿUtbah ibn Abī Lahab. His sons and wife have now sold me, but they stipulated that the patronage (walāʾ) should remain theirs. To whose client am I considered now?”

She replied, “My son, Barīrah once came to me while she was under a contract of manumission and said, ‘Buy me.’ I said, ‘Yes.’ She then added, ‘They will not sell me unless they stipulate my patronage.’ So I said, ‘I have no need of you.’

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ either heard of this or it was reported to him, and he said, ‘What is the matter with Barīrah?’ I informed him, and he said, ‘Buy her, set her free, and leave them to make whatever stipulations they wish.’ So I purchased her and manumitted her, and he declared, ‘The patronage belongs to the one who sets the slave free, even if they stipulate it a hundred times.’ (1)”’

Maʿmar narrated from al-Zuhrī, from ʿUrwah, from ʿĀʾishah:
‘When Barīrah was emancipated and her people stipulated the patronage, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood up regarding her case and said, “What is wrong with people who impose conditions that are not found in the Book of Allah? Whoever lays down a condition that is not in the Book of Allah, it is null and void—even if he repeats it a hundred times. The condition of Allah is more rightful and more binding.” (2)’

A similar report was transmitted by al-Qāsim ibn Muḥammad, al-Aswad ibn Yazīd, ʿAmrah, and Mujāhid, all from ʿĀʾishah. (3)

(1) Sound isnad; cited by Ibn Saad, Al-Tabaqat, vol. 8, pp. 256-257, and by Al-Bukhari, Sahih, vol. 5, p. 144, Book of Manumission: chapter “If the mukatab says: ‘Buy me and set me free,’ and he is bought for that purpose.” (2) Sound isnad; also found in Al-Tabaqat, vol. 8, p. 257. (3) The hadith narrated from her by Al-Qasim ibn Muhammad is recorded by Muslim (1504) nos. 10, 11, 12, 14; by Al-Darimi 2/169; and by Ibn Saad 8/258. The version transmitted from her by Al-Aswad appears in Al-Bukhari 3/281 (Zakat), 9/367 (Divorce), 11/520 (Expiations), 12/35 (Inheritance), and in Al-Nasaʾi 5/170 …
رَوَى عَنْهَا: عَبْدُ المَلِكِ بنُ مَرْوَانَ، وَغَيْرُهُ. قَدْ تَكَلَّمَ عَلَى حَدِيْثِهَا ابْنُ خُزَيْمَةَ وَغَيْرُهُ بِفَوَائِدَ جَمَّةٍ. رَوَى: عَبْدُ الوَاحِدِ بنُ أَيْمَنَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَى عَائِشَةَ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا أُمَّ المُؤْمِنِيْنَ! إِنِّي كُنْتُ لِعُتْبَةَ بنِ أَبِي لَهَبٍ، وَإِنَّ بَنِيْهِ وَامْرَأَتَهُ بَاعُوْنِي، وَاشْتَرَطُوا الوَلاَءَ، فَمَوْلَى مَنْ أَنَا؟ فَقَالَتْ: يَا بُنَيَّ! دَخَلَتْ عَلَيَّ بَرِيْرَةُ وَهِيَ مُكَاتَبَةٌ، فَقَالَتْ: اشْتَرِيْنِي. قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ. فَقَالَتْ: إِنَّهُمْ لاَ يَبِيْعُوْنَنِي حَتَّى يَشْتَرِطُوا وَلاَئِي. فَقُلْتُ: لاَ حَاجَةَ لِي فِيْكِ. فَسَمِعَ ذَلِكَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ أَوْ بَلَغَهُ، فَقَالَ: (مَا بَالُ بَرِيْرَةَ؟) . فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ، فَقَالَ: (اشْتَرِيْهَا، فَأَعْتِقِيْهَا، وَدَعِيْهِمْ، فَيَشْتَرِطُونَ مَا شَاؤُوا) . فَاشْتَرَيْتُهَا، فَأَعْتَقْتُهَا، فَقَالَ: (الوَلاَءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ، وَلَو اشْتَرَطُوا مائَةَ مَرَّةٍ (١)) . مَعْمَرٌ: عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، قَالَتْ: قَامَ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي شَأْنِ بَرِيْرَةَ حِيْنَ أَعْتَقَهَا وَاشْتَرَطَ أَهْلُهَا الوَلاَءَ، فَقَالَ: (مَا بَالُ أَقْوَامٍ يَشْتَرِطُوْنَ شُرُوْطاً لَيْسَتْ فِي كِتَابِ اللهِ، مَنِ اشْتَرَطَ شَرْطاً لَيْسَ فِي كِتَابِ اللهِ فَهُوَ بَاطِلٌ، وَإِنِ اشْتَرَطَ مائَةَ مَرَّةٍ، فَشَرْطُ اللهِ أَحَقُّ وَأَوْثَقُ (٢)) . وَرَوَى نَحْوَهُ: القَاسِمُ بنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، وَالأَسْوَدُ بنُ يَزِيْدَ، وَعَمْرَةُ، وَمُجَاهِدٌ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ (٣) .
(١) إسناده صحيح، أخرجه ابن سعد في " الطبقات " ٨ / ٢٥٦، ٢٥٧، وأخرجه البخاري في " صحيحه " ٥ / ١٤٤ في العتق: باب إذا قال المكاتب اشترني وأعتقني فاشتراه لذلك. (٢) إسناده صحيح، وهو في " الطبقات " ٨ / ٢٥٧. (٣) حديث القاسم بن محمد عنها، أخرجه مسلم (١٥٠٤) (١٠) و (١١) و (١٢) و (١٤) والدارمي ٢ / ١٦٩، وابن سعد ٨ / ٢٥٨، وحديث الأسود عنها أخرجه البخاري ٣ / ٢٨١ في الزكاة، و٩ / ٣٦٧ في الطلاق، و١١ / ٥٢٠ في الكفارات، و١٢ / ٣٥ في الفرائض، والنسائي ٥ / ١٧٠ في =

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