Siyar Aʿlām al-NubalāʾShams al‑Din al‑Dhahabi

Al-Wāqidī said: Saʿīd ibn al-Musayyib was among the most proficient of people in dream interpretation; he had learned it from Asmāʾ bint Abū Bakr, and she had learned it from her father.

Maʿn ibn ʿĪsā narrated to us, reporting from Shuʿayb ibn Ṭalḥah, from his father: Asmāʾ said to her son, “My dear son, live with dignity and die with dignity; do not allow yourself to be taken captive by the people.” (1)

Hishām ibn ʿUrwah said: When thieves became numerous in Medina, Asmāʾ—during the governorship of Saʿīd ibn al-ʿĀṣ—acquired a dagger, which she kept beneath her pillow. (2)

ʿUrwah said: My brother and I visited our mother ten nights before he was killed, and she was in pain.

ʿAbd Allāh asked, “How are you feeling?”
She replied, “In pain.”
He said, “There is relief in death.”
She answered, “Perhaps you are longing for my death; do not.”

Then she laughed and said, “By Allah, I do not wish to die until one of two outcomes befalls you: either you are killed, and I seek reward for you, or you prevail, and my eyes are comforted. Beware of being offered any proposal that you do not approve of yet accept merely out of fear of death.” (3)

He (ʿUrwah) added, “What my brother meant was that he would be killed, and that this would distress her.”

At the time, she was one hundred years old.

(1) Shuayb ibn Talha is a disputed transmitter: Ibn Maʿin said, “I do not know him”; Abu Hatim judged, “There is no harm in him”; al-Hafiz al-Diya quotes al-Daraqutni as declaring him “abandoned”; Maʿn notes that he is “hardly known.” Ibn Hibban nevertheless lists him among the reliable narrators in al-Thiqat. (2) Related by Ibn Saʿd, 8/253, with the wording: “Asma bint Abi Bakr obtained a dagger during the governorship of Saʿid ibn al-As because thieves had become rampant in Medina; she kept it under her pillow.” Al-Hakim records it as well in al-Mustadrak, 4/64, adding: When asked, “What will you do with that?” she replied, “If a thief enters, I will slit his belly.” She was blind. In the manuscript the word zaman (during the time of) has been mistakenly written as ruwiya (it is narrated). (3) The author also cites this report in his Tarikh al-Islam, 3/135.
قَالَ الوَاقِدِيُّ: كَانَ سَعِيْدُ بنُ المُسَيِّبِ مِنْ أَعْبَرِ النَّاسِ لِلْرُّؤْيَا، أَخَذَ ذَلِكَ عَنْ أَسْمَاءَ بِنْتِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، وَأَخَذَتْ عَنْ أَبِيْهَا. مَعْنُ بنُ عِيْسَى: حَدَّثَنَا شُعَيْبُ بنُ طَلْحَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيْهِ: قَالَتْ أَسْمَاءُ لابْنِهَا: يَا بُنَيَّ، عِشْ كَرِيْماً، وَمُتْ كَرِيْماً، لاَ يَأْخُذْكَ القَوْمُ أَسِيْراً (١) . قَالَ هِشَامُ بنُ عُرْوَةَ: كَثُرَ اللُّصُوْصُ بِالمَدِيْنَةِ؛ فَاتَّخَذَتْ أَسْمَاءُ خِنْجَراً زَمَنَ سَعِيْدِ بنِ العَاصِ، كَانَتْ تَجْعَلُهُ تَحْتَ رَأْسِهَا (٢) . قَالَ عُرْوَةُ: دَخَلْتُ أَنَا وَأَخِي - قَبْلَ أَنْ يُقْتَلَ - عَلَى أُمِّنَا بِعَشْرِ لَيَالٍ، وَهِيَ وَجِعَةٌ. فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ: كَيْفَ تَجِدِيْنَكِ؟ قَالَتْ: وَجِعَةٌ. قَالَ: إِنَّ فِي المَوْتِ لَعَافِيَةً. قَالَتْ: لَعَلَّكَ تَشْتَهِي مَوْتِي؛ فَلاَ تَفْعَلْ. وَضَحِكَتْ، وَقَالَتْ: وَاللهِ، مَا أَشْتَهِي أَنْ أَمُوْتَ حَتَّى تَأْتِيَ عَلَى أَحَدِ طَرَفَيْكَ: إِمَّا أَنْ تُقْتَلَ فَأَحْتَسِبُكَ؛ وَإِمَّا أَنْ تَظْفَرَ فَتَقَرَّ عَيْنِي، إِيَّاكَ أَنْ تُعْرَضَ عَلَى خُطَّةٍ فَلاَ تُوَافِقَ، فَتَقْبَلُهَا كَرَاهِيَةَ المَوْتِ (٣) . قَالَ: وَإِنَّمَا عَنَى أَخِي أَنْ يُقْتَلَ، فَيَحْزُنُهَا ذَلِكَ. وَكَانَتْ بِنْتَ مائَةِ سَنَةٍ.
(١) شعيب بن طلحة مختلف فيه، قال ابن معين: لا أعرفه، وقال أبو حاتم: لا بأس به، ونقل الحافظ الضياء عن الدارقطني قوله فيه: متروك، وقال معن: لا يكاد يعرف. وذكره ابن حبان في " الثقات ". (٢) أخرجه ابن سعد ٨ / ٢٥٣، ولفظه: أن أسماء بنت أبي بكر اتخذت خنجرا زمن سعيد بن العاص للصوص، وكانوا قد استعروا بالمدينة، فكانت تجعله تحت رأسها. وأخرجه الحاكم في " المستدرك " ٤ / ٦٤، وزاد فيه: فقيل لها: ما تصنعين بهذا؟ قالت: إن دخل علي لص بعجت بطنه، وكانت عمياء، وقد تحرفت في الأصل " زمن " إلى " روى ". (٣) ذكره المؤلف في " تاريخ الإسلام " ٣ / ١٣٥.

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