She was among the earliest women to emigrate.
It is said that she accepted Islam before the Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered the House of al-Arqam ⦗1⦘. Her husband, Jaʿfar al-Ṭayyār, then took her to Abyssinia, where she bore him ʿAbd Allāh, Muḥammad, and ʿAwn.
After she migrated with him to Medina in 7 AH and he was martyred at Muʾtah, Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq married her. She gave birth to Muḥammad while in iḥrām (ritual consecration), performed the Farewell Pilgrimage, and when al-Ṣiddīq died she washed his body ⦗2⦘. Thereafter ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib married her.
Sufyān ibn ʿUyaynah, from Ismāʿīl, from al-Shaʿbī, related:
“When Asmāʾ returned from Abyssinia, ʿUmar said to her, ‘O Abyssinian woman, we preceded you in the Hijrah.’ She replied, ‘By my life, you have spoken the truth. You were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ—he fed your hungry and taught your ignorant—while we were far-off exiles. Yet, by Allah, I shall surely tell the Messenger of Allah about this.’ She went to him, and he said, ‘People have one migration, whereas you have two.’ ⦗3⦘